英汉副词名词短语的构式语法研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 07:56

本文选题：英汉“副+名/名词短语”构式 + 构式语法　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“副词+名词/名词短语”组合是英语和汉语中均有的一种特殊结构,在近年来,由于这种组合使用频率越来越高,尤其是汉语中,因此受到了众多语言研究者的关注,但目前对这一组合的研究大多只限于汉语中的这种结构,并且很少有从构式语法角度来对这一结构进行分析。本文从构式语法理论的角度来分析研究英汉语言中的“副词+名词/名词短语”的组合。论文首先总结了英汉语言中“副词+名词/名词短语”组合的几种类型,英语中这种结构主要是“地点/方位副词+名词/名词短语”,“范围副词+名词/名词短语”,“程度副词+名词/名词短语”,“时间副词+名词/名词短语”四大类,汉语中这种结构主要有“范围副词+名词/名词短语”,“程度副词+名词/名词短语”,“时间副词+名词/名词短语”三大类,然后根据Goldberg构式语法对构式的定义,英汉的“副词+名词/名词短语“结构是一个形式与意义的统一体,并且其的形式或意义的某些特征都不能完全从这一构式的组成成分或另外的先前已有的构式推知。在确立了这一结构不仅在汉语中是构式同时英语语言中也是构式之外,本文还对这一结构如何进行识解进行了分析,并指出了对英汉这一结构识解的异同。研究发现,英语中这四类“副词+名词/名词短语”的结构除了“程度副词+名词短语”外,都是“形容词+名词”构式的一个引申,这种构式引申的认知基础是语法隐喻。“副词”在这一结构中喻用为了“形容词”来修饰限定“名词”,而汉语和英语中的“程度副词+名词/名词短语”构式是“副词+形容词”构式的引申,这种构式引申的基础是认知转喻,“程度副词”为整个构式提供了“程度义”,而该构式中的名词的原型义—指示意义又受到了“程度义”的压制,对这个构式中的名词的识解需要对其转喻义的理解,“范围副词+名词”和“时间副词+名词”构式是“动词+名词”即动宾结构的引申,这种构式引申的认知基础也是语法隐喻。本研究对英汉“副词+名词/名词短语”构式做了更为详细的研究和更好的解释,不仅让我们更深入了解了“副词+名词/名词短语”这一构式的个性和跨语言的共性,而且为解决语言学领域中尚未解释的现象提供了理论支撑,有利于构式语法理论的进一步发展。
[Abstract]:The combination of Adverb + nouns / noun phrases is a special structure in English and Chinese. In recent years, because of the increasing use of this combination, especially in Chinese, it has attracted the attention of many language researchers. However, most of the researches on this combination are limited to the structure in Chinese. This structure is analyzed in a structured grammar.
This paper analyzes the combination of "Adverb + noun / noun phrase" in English and Chinese language from the perspective of constructional grammar. This paper first summarizes several types of "Adverb + noun / noun phrase" in English and Chinese language. In English, this structure is mainly "place / position Adverb + noun / noun phrase", "scope adverb + noun". "/ noun phrase", "Degree Adverb + noun / noun phrase", "Time Adverb + noun / noun phrase" four major categories, the Chinese structure is mainly "scope adverb + noun / noun phrase", "Degree Adverb + noun / noun phrase", "Time Adverb + noun / noun short language", and then according to the structure of Goldberg grammar. The definition of "Adverb + noun / noun phrase" in English and Chinese is a unity of form and meaning, and some of its form or meaning can not be completely derived from the composition of this structure or other previously existing constructions. It is established that this structure is not only in Chinese and in English language. In addition to the structure, this paper also analyzes how the structure of this structure is understood and points out the similarities and differences in the structural understanding of English and Chinese. It is found that the structure of the four types of "Adverb + noun phrase" in English is a extension of "Adjective + noun phrase" in addition to the structure of "Adjective + noun phrase" in English. The cognitive basis of extension is grammatical metaphor. "Adverb" is used in this structure as a "adjective" to modify the limited "noun", while the "Degree Adverb + noun phrase" in Chinese and English is the extension of the construction of "Adverb + adjective", which is based on cognitive metonymy and "degree adverb" as the whole. The structure provides "degree meaning", and the prototype meaning of noun in this construction is suppressed by the "degree meaning". The understanding of the noun in this structure needs to understand its metaphorical meaning. The structure of "scope adverb + noun" and "Time Adverb + noun" is the extension of "Verb + noun", that is, verb object structure. The cognitive basis of the extension is grammatical metaphor.
This study makes a more detailed study and better explanation of the construction of "Adverb + noun / noun phrase" in English and Chinese, which not only gives us a deeper understanding of the character of the "Adverb + noun / noun phrase" and the commonness of the cross language, but also provides a theoretical support for solving the unexplained phenomena in the field of linguistics. The further development of the theory of grammar.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H04

【参考文献】