语言管理视域下的南非语言规划研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 06:37

【摘要】：全球化背景下的传统语言规划已逐渐不适用于有殖民史的多语制国家,作为语言规划学科一个新的研究领域,语言管理越来越受到学者们的重视。南非在金砖五国合作机制中发挥着巨大的潜力,与中国政治、经济和文化的合作日益密切,因此,研究南非语言规划有助于我们更好的了解南非语言多样性所面临的全球化挑战。南非是一个多民族、多语言的国家,其复杂的语言状况使南非语言规划的制定困难重重。尽管后种族隔离时代的南非政府于1996年颁布了包括11种语言在内的官方语言政策,然而,语言规划仍旧遗留了许多无法解决的语言问题。语言管理视域下的南非语言规划研究能使我们窥视南非的多语制从而认识传统语言规划的局限性。本文从历史发展的角度阐述了南非四个时期的语言规划,发现南非不同时期的语言规划有着深刻的政治原因。荷兰与英国殖民政府在殖民时期的南非大力推广荷兰语和英语,导致本土政治、经济和文化体制的瓦解,一些土著语言也随之消亡。独立后的南非在种族隔离时期用阿非利卡语取代英语,使得阿非利卡语在政府、媒体和教育等领域成为主导语言。种族隔离时期的政府制定的激进政策加剧了南非的种族冲突。后种族隔离时期的南非政府自建立之时起就颁布了符合广大阶级利益的语言政策,推动了南非迈向民主化的道路。本文采用定性的研究方法与文献法,用Webb的语言管理理论分析南非的语言规划。通过研究南非的语言状况与语言规划现状,作者总结出南非的语言规划适用于解决某些语言问题,而语言管理却能更好的解决南非的多语问题。本文的的创新之处在于运用语言管理的理论分析南非的语言规划,为多语制背景下的语言规划提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Under the background of globalization, the traditional language planning has been gradually unsuitable for countries with colonial history. As a new research field of language planning, language management has been paid more and more attention by scholars. South Africa has great potential in the BRICS cooperation mechanism and is increasingly close to China's political, economic and cultural cooperation. Research on South African language planning will help us better understand the global challenges of South Africa's linguistic diversity. South Africa is a multi-national and multi-lingual country. Although the post-apartheid South African government issued its official language policy in 1996, including 11 languages, language planning still leaves many unresolved language problems. The study of South African language planning from the perspective of language management enables us to peek into the multilingualism in South Africa and understand the limitations of traditional language planning. This paper expounds the language planning of four periods in South Africa from the perspective of historical development and finds that there are profound political reasons for language planning in different periods in South Africa. The Dutch and British colonial governments vigorously promoted Dutch and English in colonial South Africa, resulting in the disintegration of local political, economic and cultural systems, and the disappearance of some indigenous languages. After-independence South Africa replaced English with Afrikaans during apartheid, making Afrikaans the dominant language in government, media and education. The racial conflict in South Africa was exacerbated by radical policies adopted by the apartheid government. Since the establishment of the post-apartheid South African government, it has promulgated a language policy in accordance with the interests of the broad class, which has promoted the road to democratization in South Africa. In this paper, the qualitative research method and literature method are used to analyze the language planning in South Africa with the language management theory of Webb. By studying the language situation and language planning in South Africa, the author concludes that the language planning in South Africa is suitable for solving some language problems, while language management can better solve the multilingual problem in South Africa. The innovation of this paper is to use the theory of language management to analyze the language planning in South Africa, and to provide reference for language planning in the context of multilingualism.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H002

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