《聊斋志异》狐形象解析

发布时间：2018-02-03 13:37

本文关键词： 《聊斋志异》狐形象蒲松龄创作心态　出处：《喀什大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《聊斋志异》又名《鬼狐传》,一经问世,便成为“风行天下,万口传诵”的经典小说。对这一经典的研究,无论是古之大家的点评,还是时下学者的专著研究,都成果硕然。其研究意义与价值也更是随着时代的变迁而历久弥新。其中对狐精故事、狐形象的研究,亦是这一经典研究的魅力之一。狐精故事、狐形象早在先秦典籍中就已经崭露头角,然而到了蒲松龄笔下才真正实现人形、人情和人性的完美结合。笔者通过文本细读,以数量统计为手段,得出:《聊斋志异》中狐精故事共计84篇,占全部篇目的1/6。故本文拟从这些狐精故事中的狐形象一途入手,先以历史发展为依据,总结出《聊斋志异》之前文学作品中的狐形象的四大特点,即:祥瑞之狐、妖魅之狐、祭坛之狐以及人性之狐。运用对比分析的方法,整理出《聊斋志异》狐精形象对前代文学作品中的狐形象在:善幻化、善蛊媚、能预知、初显人情方面的继承;以及在:人性特征的融入、人类情感的凸显、人狐关系的改造三个方面对以往狐精形象予以的突破。在继承和创造的基础上,蒲松龄笔下的狐形象不仅具有鲜明的人性化、情感化、个性化特征,还体现了人情、人性、人狐关系的复杂性。以人形、人情、人性为基础,笔者从爱情、友情、侠义、才智、作祟五个层面解读了《聊斋志异》中狐精形象:使狐形象具有了敢爱敢恨之情、肝胆相照之谊,对人情予以张扬;划分了厚德仁行的侠狐、作祟害人的恶狐,对世间善恶予以评判;蕴含了足智多谋之才华,博采众长之学识,儒雅而才通古今,反映了作家朴实的文学态度。结合历史文献,进而探究作者在这一作品中生动塑造狐形象的内在原因,挖掘其形象背后作者矛盾、孤愤、治世的独特的创作心态,既是作者深邃情感的寄托,也是自我生活状态的呈现,更是文人情怀的表达。这不仅完成了深入挖掘蒲松龄与狐形象之间的联系,也实现了对狐形象的深刻解读,以至于通过狐精形象来读透,乃至读懂蒲松龄。
[Abstract]:"Strange stories from Liaozhai", also known as "the Story of the Ghost," has become a classic novel that has become "popular in the world and read in thousands of mouths." the study of this classic, whether it is from ancient times, has been commented upon by everyone. The research significance and value of the research are also with the changes of the times and the new. Among them, the fox story, fox image research. It is also one of the charm of this classic study. Fox essence story, fox image as early as in the pre-Qin Dynasty books has emerged, but to Pu Songling's works before the real realization of the human form. The perfect combination of human feelings and human nature. By reading the text carefully and by means of quantitative statistics, the author comes to the conclusion that the story of fox essence in Liaozhai is 84. Therefore, this article intends to start with the fox image in these fox essence stories, first of all, based on the historical development, summed up the four characteristics of fox image in the literary works before "Liaozhai Zhi Yi". That is: Xiangrui fox, demon fox, altar fox and human fox. By using the method of comparative analysis, the author arranges the fox image of the fox essence in the literature works of the previous generation. To be able to predict, to show the inheritance of human relations; And in the following three aspects: the integration of human nature, the highlight of human emotions, the transformation of the relationship between human fox to the past fox image to break through, on the basis of inheritance and creation. Pu Songling's fox image not only has distinct humanized, emotional and personalized characteristics, but also embodies the complexity of human, human and human fox relations. Based on human form, human feeling and human nature, the author starts from love. Friendship, chivalrous, intelligence, haunting five levels of interpretation of the "Liaozhai Zhi Yi" in the fox image: the image of the fox with dare to love and hate the feelings of love and hate, the friendship of heart and courage, to make public the human feelings; Division of the thick benevolence of the Xia fox, the evil fox of harm, to the world to judge the good and evil; It contains resourceful and resourceful talent, learning from all kinds of people, elegant and ancient, reflecting the simple literary attitude of the writer and combining with historical documents. And then explore the author in this work vivid portray fox image of the internal reasons, dig behind the image of the author contradictions, isolated anger, governance of the unique creative mentality, is the author's profound emotional sustenance. It is also the presentation of self-living state and the expression of literati feelings, which not only completes the deep exploration of the relationship between Pu Songling and the image of the fox, but also realizes the profound interpretation of the image of the fox. To read through the image of fox essence, and even understand Pu Songling.
【学位授予单位】：喀什大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I207.419

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