传播与变异:《西游记》在美国

发布时间：2018-04-08 07:35

本文选题：《西游记》　切入点：传播　出处：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国来华传教士塞缪尔.伍德布里奇于1895年首次将西游故事译成英文,自此以后,美国有关《西游记》的各种译本层出不穷,同时还受到了美国学术界的广泛关注。在这一传播过程中,由于时代、环境和接受群体等的不同,作为文学文本的《西游记》在异质文明中发生了变异。变异学理论正是通过关注这种不同国家之间文学现象交流的变异状态,以探究文学现象变异的内在规律,而发展起来的一门比较文学新兴理论。它启示我们用一种新的思维方式来考查文学交流过程中出现的变形、扭曲或改写。目前国内很少有学者关注这一类话题。因此,借助比较文学变异学考查《西游记》这样一部独特的中国古典小说在美国的传播历程,包括其译作和相关研究论文专著,找出作为中国神魔小说代表作的《西游记》,在经过翻译进入美国的异质文明之后,经历了怎样的变异,发生这些变异的原因,以及变异背后的动因。这将为更好地推动中国文化走出去提供参考和借鉴,同时通过介绍美国汉学界对《西游记》的研究,作者也希望能为国内研究者们提供新的灵感。文章采用的是基于对所搜集文献的定性分析法,以变异学为理论参照,将《西游记》在美国的传播历史分为初期和繁荣期两个阶段,从跨语言、跨文化和跨文明三个层面的变异对各个时期的译本和研究分别进行分析考查。文章内容共分为五个部分。第一章对论文选题的背景、意义、研究方法以及文献综述做出了说明。第二章首先对本文的理论框架即比较文学变异学产生的历史背景以及研究范畴进行了梳理和介绍,然后细化了变异学对于《西游记》在美国传播历程的应用,具体来说涉及跨语言、跨文化和跨文明三个层面的变异;第三章结合变异学在跨语言和跨文明层面的变异,探讨了1890s到1980s间《西游记》在美国的翻译和研究状况。深入分析了伍德布里奇的第一个节译本和余国藩的全译本中创造性叛逆的体现和运用以及在浦安迪以西释中的阐释法下,《西游》文本的变异。第四章,探讨了1980s至今,《西游记》在美国的传播现状。具体结合了变异学跨文化层面的变异即文化过滤,对这一时期美国出现的基于小说中孙悟空冒险故事的大量节译本、编译本和影视改编本进行了分析和探讨。最后,文章总结得出文明的异质性是导致《西游记》在传播过程中变异变形的根本原因,通过考察《西游记》在美国异质文明中的接受差异,使我们进一步理解中西文明体系的不同,以更地好推动中国文化走出去、实现跨文明对话。
[Abstract]:American missionaries in China Samuel.Woodbridge first translated the story of traveling to the West into English in 1895. Since then, various American versions of Journey to the West have emerged in endlessly, and have also received extensive attention from American academic circles.In the course of this communication, due to the different times, environments and reception groups, the Journey to the West, as a literary text, has changed in the heterogeneous civilization.The theory of variation is a new theory of comparative literature developed by paying attention to the variation state of literary phenomenon communication between different countries in order to explore the inherent law of variation of literary phenomenon.It enlightens us to use a new way of thinking to examine the deformation, distortion or rewriting in the process of literary communication.At present, few domestic scholars pay attention to this kind of topic.Therefore, with the help of comparative literature variation, an examination of the spread of such a unique Chinese classical novel in the United States, including its translation and related research papers,Find out what kind of variation, the reason of these variations, and the reasons behind these variations after translation into the heterogeneous civilization of the United States, which is the masterpiece of Chinese gods and demons' novels to the West.This will provide reference and reference for better promoting Chinese culture to go abroad. By introducing American Sinology's research on Journey to the West, the author also hopes to provide new inspiration for domestic researchers.Based on the qualitative analysis of the collected literature, this paper, based on the theory of variability, divides the spreading history of Journey to the West into two stages: the initial period and the prosperous period.Cross-cultural and cross-civilization three levels of variation of each period of translation and research were analyzed and examined.The article is divided into five parts.The first chapter explains the background, significance, research methods and literature review.The second chapter firstly introduces the historical background and research category of comparative literature variation, and then details the application of variation to the spread of Journey to the West in the United States.The third chapter discusses the translation and research of Journey to the West from 1890's to 1980's.This paper analyzes in depth the embodiment and application of creative treason in the first section translation of Woodbridge and Yu Guofan's full translation, and the variation of the text of "Journey to the West" under the interpretation of the West interpretation of Pu Andi.Chapter four discusses the current situation of the spread of Journey to the West in the United States since 1980 s.Combining the cross-cultural variation that is cultural filtering, this paper analyzes and discusses a large number of segmental translations based on Sun Wukong's adventure stories in the United States in this period, which are compiled and adapted from film and television.Finally, the paper concludes that the heterogeneity of civilization is the fundamental cause of the variation and deformation of Journey to the West in the process of transmission. By examining the differences in the acceptance of Journey to the West in the heterogeneous civilization of the United States,So that we can further understand the differences between Chinese and Western civilizations, so as to promote Chinese culture to go out and realize cross-civilization dialogue.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I207.41;G206

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