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《夷坚志》涉梦故事研究

发布时间:2018-11-12 16:55
【摘要】:《夷坚志》是宋代重要的志怪小说集,由洪迈历时60余年才完成,卷帙浩繁、搜罗广泛,内容包罗万象:士子科举仕途、手工业活动、神怪精灵、奇人异事、医生医药,等等。该书自刊印发行,就读者甚多而广泛流传。自20世纪90年代以来,对《夷坚志》的研究逐渐增多,但集中在洪迈生平、《夷坚志》的版本以及《夷坚志》所表现出的宋代民俗、宗教信仰、故事流变、叙事艺术等几个方面,专门研究其中的涉梦故事则较少。《夷坚志》中的涉梦作品有600多则,占全书的五分之一,数量庞大,内容丰富,从多方面、多角度反映了宋代社会。宋代科举制度的完善以及科名前定的思想对宋代士子的观念及行为产生了巨大的影响,宋代宗教信仰逐渐世俗化,尤其是果报思想影响了宋人生活的方方面面。此外,在叙事手法上,由于梦故事的独特性,洪迈同时使用全知视角与限知视角,使得故事生动曲折。论文主要分为六部分:绪论:简要介绍洪迈生平及《夷坚志》版本,阐明论文的选题缘由,并综述学界相关的研究成果,从而阐明本文的研究意义和价值。第一章:从生死祸福、穷达荣辱之梦出发,将《夷坚志》涉梦故事中体现梦预言性的作品分为两类:一是关于生死祸福的梦。从中可看出在离乱社会,人们对死亡的恐惧。二是关于科举仕途的梦,无论是对科举成败的预示还是对仕途穷达的预示,都与宋代的科举制度、科名前定的宿命论思想有重要关系。第二章:主要研究通灵梦,梦以其不受时空限制的特殊性沟通了人与神灵、精灵的关系,从这些梦故事中,可看出宋代宗教信仰的世俗化以及果报观念对宋人的思想及日常生活的影响。第三章:主要研究入冥梦,通过研究鬼魂向人索命、鬼魂托梦求葬,以及对冥间的描绘,探讨善恶报应观及承负说对宋人的影响、作者劝人行善的创作心理以及我国自古就有的“魂归故里”“落叶归根”思想。第四章:从叙事视角和叙事时间两个角度分析涉梦作品的叙事艺术,洪迈不仅使用了全知视角和限知视角,而且在单篇作品中同时使用两种视角。作品的叙事时序多样,包括顺序、预叙、追叙。在时距上,囿于志怪小说的特点,主要有概要和场景两种,两者穿插使用,达到了较好的叙事效果。结语部分梳理总结了论文的主要观点并指出论文存在的不足。
[Abstract]:Yi Jian Zhi is an important collection of strange stories in the Song Dynasty, which was completed by Hongmai for more than 60 years. It is voluminous and extensive. It covers all kinds of things: imperial examinations, handicraft activities, genie spirits, strange things, doctors and medicine, and so on. The book has been widely circulated since its publication. Since the 1990s, the study of Yi Jian Zhi has gradually increased, but it focuses on the life of Hong Mai, the edition of Yi Jian Zhi and the folk customs, religious beliefs and story changes of Song Dynasty. There are more than 600 dream related works in Yi Jian Zhi, which account for 1/5 of the book, and the quantity is huge and the content is rich, which reflects the society of Song Dynasty from many aspects and angles. The perfection of the imperial examination system in Song Dynasty and the thought of prefixed branch name had a great influence on the concept and behavior of the scholars in Song Dynasty. The religious belief of Song Dynasty was gradually secularized, especially the thought of fruit retribution affected every aspect of Song people's life. In addition, because of the uniqueness of dream story, Hong Mai uses both omniscient and restricted perspective, which makes the story vivid and tortuous. The thesis is divided into six parts: introduction: a brief introduction to the life of Hong Mai and the edition of Yi Jian Zhi, to clarify the reason for the topic of the thesis, and to summarize the relevant research results in academic circles, thus clarifying the significance and value of this paper. Chapter one: starting from the dream of life and death, and the dream of honor and disgrace, the author classifies the stories of Yi Jian Zhi into two categories: one is about the dream of life and death, and the other is about the blessing of life and death. We can see the fear of death in a disorderly society. Second, the dream about the official career of the imperial examination, whether it is the success or failure of the imperial examination or the official career of the poor, has an important relationship with the imperial examination system of the Song Dynasty and the fatalism thought of the prefixed branch name. Chapter II: the main study of channeling dreams, dreams with its special characteristics of free space and time to communicate the relationship between human beings and gods, spirits, from these dream stories, It can be seen that the secularization of religious belief in the Song Dynasty and the influence of the concept of retribution on the thought and daily life of the Song people. The third chapter: the main research into the ghost dream, through the study of ghosts from people to life, ghosts dream of burial, as well as the description of the Ming Dynasty, to explore the good and evil retribution and the impact of the theory on the Song people. The author's creative psychology of persuading people to do good and the thought of "returning the soul to the hometown" and "returning to the roots of the fallen leaves" since ancient times in China. Chapter IV: from the perspective of narrative and narrative time to analyze the narrative art of dream works, Hong Mai not only used the omniscient perspective and limited knowledge perspective, but also used two perspectives in a single work. The narrative sequence of the works is varied, including sequence, prenarration and resuscitation. In terms of time distance, due to the characteristics of the novel, there are two main types of synopsis and scene, both interspersed and used to achieve a better narrative effect. The conclusion summarizes the main points of the paper and points out the shortcomings of the paper.
【学位授予单位】:曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:I207.41

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