四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落景观研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 10:28

本文关键词：四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落景观研究　出处：《四川农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：乡村聚落景观不仅是人类聚居环境的重要组成部分,也是乡土文化、乡村传统生活的传承与表达。对乡村聚落景观的研究极具意义,尤其是对于四川茂汶地区这样一个城市化水平极低的藏、羌民族聚居地而言。四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落均顺应地形山势的变化,与自然环境高度适应,不仅是茂汶地区藏羌民族深厚历史渊源的独特见证,也代表着世界罕见的高山峡谷立体农业文明类型。本文对四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州的三个藏羌民族聚居县——汶川县、理县和茂县,进行了实地调研,分析研究了四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落景观及其特征,主要研究结论如下：1.四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落的选址形式主要为峡谷冲积扇型、山腰坡地型以及高山台地型三种类型,并形成了带状、块状以及组团式三种布局形式,但随着时间的变迁,逐渐形成一体化布局的趋势。2.四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落景观的空间构成以石砌民居、土屋、碉房等民居建筑与碉楼合二为一构成了聚落中的零散空间,以“一水一路”的路径格局形成了聚落的巷道空间,以过街楼、晒台、晒场等空间节点为纽带,与农田和山川环境有机组合构成“建筑群-农田-自然环境”完美契合的多层次聚落空间形态,而以多神崇拜为主的宗教信仰又穿插于各个空间层次之中。3.四川茂汶地区藏羌民族乡村聚落顺应自然、因地制宜、就地取材、节能环保,其在选址、布局和空间构成上的合理性和规律性,使得其聚落景观不仅彰显民族特色,而且与周围环境共生,这对如今的城乡规划有着重要的启示。另外,在新农村建设、汶川大地震及灾后重建的背景下,为了使得聚落景观得到更好的保护和传承,本文对其保护开发途径提出了一些可供参考的建议,例如提高地方保护意识、号召地方民众参与、集中培训相关技术人才、以及采取多元化集资等。
[Abstract]:Rural settlement landscape is not only an important part of human settlement environment, but also the heritage and expression of rural traditional life, which is of great significance to the study of rural settlement landscape. Especially for such an extremely low level of urbanization in Sichuan Maowen Tibetan Qiang ethnic settlements. Sichuan Maowen Tibetan and Qiang ethnic rural settlements comply with the changes in terrain and mountains and highly adapted to the natural environment. It is not only the unique witness of the deep historical origin of Tibetan and Qiang nationality in Maowen region. It also represents the rare three-dimensional agricultural civilization type of mountain canyon in the world. This paper has carried out field investigation on three Tibetan and Qiang nationality inhabited counties of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province-Wenchuan County, Li County and Maoxian County. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The location of rural settlements of Tibetan and Qiang ethnic groups in Maowen area of Sichuan Province is mainly canyon alluvial fan type. There are three types of hillside sloping land type and high mountain terrace type, and there are three kinds of layout forms, such as belt, block and group, but with the change of time. Gradually forming the trend of integrated layout .2. the space of rural settlement landscape of Tibetan and Qiang nationality in Maowen area of Sichuan Province is composed of stone houses and earthen houses. Residential buildings such as towers and other residential buildings combine into one to form a scattered space in the settlement. The road space of the settlement is formed by the route pattern of "one water along the way", and the space nodes such as the street floor, the sun platform, the sun tanning yard are used as the link. The organic combination with farmland and mountain and river environment constitutes the multi-level settlement space form of "building agglomeration-farmland-natural environment". And the religious belief of polytheism is interspersed in all levels of space. 3. The Tibetan and Qiang ethnic rural settlements in Maowen, Sichuan, conform to nature, adapt to local conditions, choose materials locally, save energy and environmental protection, and choose their location. The rationality and regularity of the layout and space structure make the settlement landscape not only show the national characteristics, but also symbiosis with the surrounding environment, which has important implications for the urban and rural planning today. In addition, the construction of new countryside. In the context of Wenchuan earthquake and post-disaster reconstruction, in order to make the settlement landscape better protection and inheritance, this paper puts forward some suggestions for its protection and development, such as improving the awareness of local protection. Call on local people to participate, focus on training related technical personnel, and adopt diversified fund-raising.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29

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