印尼对华政策中的华人利益集团因素

发布时间：2018-01-21 16:29

本文关键词： 印度尼西亚华人利益集团对华政策中印尼双边关系　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：印度尼西亚是东南亚地区最大的国家,且地处链接印度洋和太平洋的"海上十字路口",是我国周边外交的重要对象。自1950年4月13日中印尼建交以来,两国关系经历了疏淡、友好、断交又复交的反复过程,国内外因素都在影响着两国关系的发展。而华人问题一直是两国关系中的热点和难点问题。尤其是在苏哈托当政时期,印尼国内反华反共势力强烈,各种"中国威胁论"甚嚣尘上,对华关系十分冷淡,最终致使两国断交长达23年之久。复交后的头几年,双方关系仍旧没有多大起色,直到印尼开始民主制度建设,对华人的政治宽容度也日益提升,越来越多的华人和华团活跃在印尼政治、经济、文化与社会领域,为国家建设和促进中印尼两国复交与友好往来贡献自己的力量。本文基于对知网、EBSCO、JSTOR、Lexis Nexis等数据库中的各种相关资料的研究,以及印尼官方媒体有关华人社团的报道,认为印尼华人社团已日益具备了西方利益集团的属性。本文阐述了印尼华人利益集团的兴起与发展,以及当前主要华人利益集团,并探讨其在印尼国内政治生活中的影响。在利益集团理论框架下,印尼华人社团影响内政外交的主要方式有:第一,游说和参与大选。他们采取各种形式的游说活动以争取华族在印尼的平等地位。他们支持华人精英参与选举并为其提供资金支持,以此保持与政府高层的互动,助力中印尼两国全面战略伙伴关系建设。第二,华人利益集团在两国经贸合作中充当牵线搭桥的使者,实现中印尼两国在经济领域的互利共赢,成果颇丰。第三,发展华文媒体和华文教育。积极创办华文媒体,引导国内公共舆论,同时加强与中国在媒体领域内的合作;支持华文教育的发展,培育三语人才,实现两国在教育领域的全面合作。除此之外,旅游接待、艺术交流等形式各异的文化活动都推动着中印尼之间的民间往来,使得两国公共外交领域大放异彩。不难发现,印尼华人利益集团影响对华政策的主要趋势:第一,主体和影响方式的多元化;第二,华人利益集团将表现的更具有智慧性,以更灵活的方式参与两国政治互动;第三,经贸领域将更加有所作为;第四,不断拓宽中印尼两国公共外交的渠道。因此,本文认为我国在对印尼战略中应关注这一群体,并更加注重发挥华人利益集团在促进中印尼两国官方和民间交往中的作用。一是,尊重华人的政治选择,避开敏感问题,通过华人利益集团传播中国优秀传统文化,强化自身文化软实力建设。二是,营造更加宽松的投资环境,吸引海外华人资本,助力中国经济发展;三是,完善媒体立法和教育交流机制,发挥华人利益集团作用,营造创新、活力、绿色、和谐的公共外交环境。促使各种社会资源得以有效整合,中印尼两国关系发展形成更为机制化的合作方式。
[Abstract]:Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia and is located at the "maritime crossroads" linking the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in April 13th 1950, the relationship between the two countries has gone through the repeated process of dilapidated, friendly, severed and resumed diplomatic relations. Both domestic and foreign factors are affecting the development of bilateral relations, and the Chinese issue has always been a hot and difficult issue in the relations between the two countries, especially during the period of Suharto administration, the anti-China anti-Communist forces in Indonesia were strong. Various kinds of "China threat theories" were rampant, and relations with China were very cold. As a result, the relations between the two countries ended up being broken off for 23 years. In the first few years after the resumption of diplomatic relations, relations between the two sides still did not improve much. Until Indonesia began to build a democratic system, the political tolerance of the Chinese is also increasing. More and more Chinese and Chinese groups are active in the political, economic, cultural and social fields of Indonesia. To contribute to the national construction and promote the friendly exchanges between China and Indonesia. This paper is based on the knowledge of the network of EBSCO / JSTOR. Research on various related materials in Lexis Nexis and other databases, as well as reports on Chinese associations in Indonesian official media. This paper expounds the rise and development of Indonesian Chinese interest groups and the current main Chinese interest groups. In the framework of interest group theory, the main ways of influencing the domestic and foreign affairs of the Indonesian Chinese community are as follows: first. They lobbied and participated in general elections. They used various forms of lobbying to fight for the equality of the Chinese in Indonesia. They supported the participation and funding of the Chinese elite in the elections, thus maintaining their interaction with the higher levels of government. Second, Chinese interest groups will act as messengers in the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries, so as to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results between China and Indonesia in the economic field. Third, develop the Chinese media and Chinese education, actively establish Chinese media, guide public opinion in China, and strengthen cooperation with China in the field of media; To support the development of Chinese language education, to cultivate trilingual talents and to achieve comprehensive cooperation between the two countries in the field of education. In addition, tourism reception. Various cultural activities, such as artistic exchanges, promote the folk exchanges between China and Indonesia, which makes the two countries shine brilliantly in the field of public diplomacy. It is not difficult to find out. The main trends of Indonesian Chinese interest groups influencing China policy are as follows: first, the diversification of the main body and the way of influence; Second, the Chinese interest group will be more intelligent and participate in the political interaction between the two countries in a more flexible way. Third, there will be more achievements in the economic and trade field. 4th, expanding the channels of public diplomacy between China and Indonesia. Therefore, this paper argues that China should pay attention to this group in its strategy towards Indonesia. We should pay more attention to the role of Chinese interest groups in promoting official and non-governmental exchanges between China and Indonesia. First, we should respect the political choices of the Chinese people and avoid sensitive issues. To spread Chinese traditional culture through Chinese interest groups and strengthen the construction of their own cultural soft power. Second, to create a more relaxed investment environment, attract overseas Chinese capital, and help China's economic development; Third, improve the media legislation and educational exchange mechanism, give play to the role of Chinese interest groups, create an innovative, dynamic, green, harmonious public diplomacy environment, and promote the effective integration of various social resources. Relations between China and Indonesia have developed into more structured forms of cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D834.2

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