北朝时期的林业及相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:34

本文关键词： 北朝林木分布林木生产林木经营林木管理园林林木社会生活　出处：《吉林大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：早在农耕文明出现之前，林木便已成为人们的衣食之源。农耕文明产生后，林业作为重要的经济部门，对于人类生存和发展的意义仍不容小觑。通过对北朝时期的林业及相关问题的研究，不仅可以了解这一时期林业的发展水平，而且有助于加深对此时的生产技术、职官制度、园林建设以及社会生活等方面的认识，对北朝时期的技术史、制度史、园林史、社会史的研究也有重要意义。北朝时期，林木的分布主要集中于森林、农耕区、居住区以及园林等区域。这一时期，林木生产技术显著提高，林木的采伐、林木的栽培、果品的后期处理等技术都得到了长足的发展，林木的运输主要通过水路与陆路两种方式，，林木买卖现象较为普遍。北朝时期，管理林业的职官体系也渐趋完备，无论中央与地方机构中都有林业职官的建置。其中，既有专职负责林业的职官，同时又有兼职管理林业的职官。管理林业的政令则涵盖了弛禁山泽、森林保护和植树造林等诸多领域，林业管理水平明显提升。北朝时期是中国古典园林发展的重要阶段，此时皇家园林、私家园林、寺院园林都有不同程度的发展，造园手法、营建风格、景观布置较之前代均有很大的转变。与此同时，园林之中栽植了大量的林木，林木成为园林主要的景观之一，因此，园林林木是北朝时期林木独具特色的组成部分。北朝时期，林木还与社会生活的众多方面发生了广泛而深刻的联系，对时人的日常生活产生了巨大的影响。
[Abstract]:Long before the emergence of farming civilization, trees had become the source of food and clothing for people. After the emergence of farming civilization, forestry was an important economic sector. The significance of human survival and development is still not to be underestimated. Through the study of forestry and related issues during the Northern Dynasty, we can not only understand the level of forestry development in this period, but also contribute to deepening the production technology and official system at this time. The understanding of garden construction and social life is also of great significance to the study of the history of technology, system, garden and society in the Northern Dynasty. During the Northern Dynasty, the distribution of forest trees was mainly concentrated in the forest and farming areas. During this period, the technology of forest production has been improved significantly, and the techniques of cutting trees, cultivating trees, and treating fruits at the later stage have all been greatly developed. Forest transportation is mainly carried out by water and land, and the phenomenon of forest trade is relatively common. During the Northern Dynasty, the official system of forestry management gradually became more and more complete, no matter in the central or local institutions, there was the establishment of forestry officials. Among them, There are not only full-time officials in charge of forestry, but also part-time officials in the management of forestry. The government decree on forestry management covers many areas, such as the relaxation of the ban on mountain jars, forest protection and afforestation, etc. The level of forestry management was obviously improved. The Northern Dynasty was an important stage in the development of Chinese classical gardens. At this time, the royal gardens, private gardens, and temple gardens all developed to varying degrees, the gardening techniques and the style of construction. At the same time, a large number of trees were planted in the garden, which became one of the main landscape of the garden. Therefore, the garden forest is a unique part of the forest in the Northern Dynasty. Trees also have extensive and profound connection with many aspects of social life, which has a great influence on people's daily life.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S757;K239.2

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