上海市公园环境感知研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 18:13

本文选题：公园感知　切入点：上海市公园　出处：《上海师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在城市化发展的今天,我们城市所面临的环境污染、生态破坏等城市问题,大多是由于不合理的景观格局造成城市内部各要素之间的不协调,从而削弱了城市景观的生态、经济和社会功能。公园作为城市景观生态格局的重要组成部分,对缓解城市环境污染与生态破坏,改善城市景观生态有重要意义。那么公园的感知研究就被提上日程。本文主要是通过研究上海公园的感知,然后得出什么样的公园才是最被公众所接受的。本文以上海市的滨江森林公园,佘山国家森林公园,共青森林公园,上海延中公园,海湾森林公园和滨海森林公园为例,首先在公园获取的48张照片,选择一定数量的照片作为景观照片,这些照片要能代表公园景色的所有特征,又能包含所有的评价因子。采用实地评价和室内问卷结合方式,得出照片的美景度,然后提取景观的要素以及测定各景观要素的值,建立景观的美景度观测值与确定的各要素值之间的数学模型。然后通过数学模型可以计算出每个公园的美景度。通过公园设计CAD图纸以及Google Earth地图为基础,通过实地检查,确定斑块边界,在Autocad软件的支持下,提取斑块面积和周长等基本斑块数据。然后应用景观生态学中的景观格局分析理论以及方法。确定景观格局的各种参数。得出各大公园的各种景观格局参数。于2013年11月20日到12月15日期间,对上海市6个公园进行了负氧离子的监测。计算负氧离子10分钟浓度的均值。而且时间都是从10点到下午4点之前。天气都是选择在晴天。季节都是秋季。监测地点都是相同树林边或者树林内。不少文献中都显示了负氧离子的浓度和生态用地的位置,气象离子有关。所以监测点尽量选择在相同的天气,温度和环境中。本次检测的负氧离子都是在秋季,然而通过文献可以得知道负氧离子在不同季节是不相同的。所以在环科院和监测点得到夏季的数据,然后测算平均值。然后我们可以分析上海市公园美景度和景观格局以及负氧离子的关联性。得出数据,通过图表分析。我们可以看到公园景观格局和负氧离子对公园的影响。公园的景观破碎度指数对美景度的影响是有个峰值的,超过或者低于这个峰值,美景度会变小。景观多样性越高,美景度越高。我们可以知道廊道密度指数也是具有峰值的,只有找到最适合的廊道密度才能最具有美景度。负氧离子与美景度是成正比的,也就是说在一定范围内负氧离子越高,美景度越大。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization, most of the urban problems, such as environmental pollution, ecological destruction and so on, are caused by the unreasonable landscape pattern, which results in the disharmony among the elements of the city, which weakens the ecology of the urban landscape. Economic and social functions. As an important part of urban landscape ecological pattern, parks can alleviate urban environmental pollution and ecological damage. It is of great significance to improve the urban landscape ecology. So, the research on the perception of parks is put on the agenda. This paper mainly studies the perception of parks in Shanghai. Then what kind of parks are most accepted by the public? this paper takes Binjiang Forest Park, Sheshan National Forest Park, Yongqing Forest Park, Yanzhong Park, Bay Forest Park and Binhai Forest Park as examples. First of all, 48 photos obtained in the park, selected a certain number of photos as landscape photos, which can represent all the features of the park scenery, and can also include all the evaluation factors. Get the beauty of the picture, then extract the elements of the landscape and measure the values of the elements of the landscape, A mathematical model of the beauty of the landscape between the observed values and the determined values of the elements is established. Then the beauty of each park can be calculated by mathematical models. Based on the design of CAD drawings and Google Earth maps of the park, a field inspection is carried out. Determine the plaque boundary, with the support of the Autocad software, The basic patch data, such as patch area and perimeter, were extracted, and then the landscape pattern analysis theory and method in landscape ecology were applied to determine the various parameters of landscape pattern. Between November 20th 2013 and December 15th, The negative oxygen ion is monitored in 6 parks in Shanghai. The average concentration of negative oxygen ion in 10 minutes is calculated. And the time is from 10:00 to 4 pm. The weather is chosen in sunny weather. The season is autumn. The site is the same forest edge or forest. A lot of literature shows the concentration of negative oxygen ions and the location of ecological land. Weather ions are related. So the monitoring points are chosen as far as possible in the same weather, temperature and environment. The negative oxygen ions detected this time are all in the autumn. However, the literature shows that the negative oxygen ions are different in different seasons. So the summer data are obtained at the Academy of Environmental Sciences and at the monitoring points. And then we can measure the average. And then we can analyze the correlation between the beauty of the parks in Shanghai, the landscape pattern, and the negative oxygen ions. From the chart analysis, we can see the landscape pattern of the park and the influence of negative oxygen ions on the park. The landscape fragmentation index of the park has a peak effect on the beauty, which is above or below this peak. The greater the diversity of the landscape, the higher the beauty. We can see that the corridor density index has its peak value, and that only the most suitable corridor density can be the most beautiful. Negative oxygen ions are proportional to the beauty. In other words, within a certain range of negative oxygen ions higher, the greater the beauty.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.5

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