论元代绘画的文人精神

发布时间：2018-03-02 21:15

本文选题：元代绘画　切入点：文人画　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国画是中国艺术之瑰宝,在中国画漫长的发展历程中,元代绘画光彩熠熠,尤为夺目。鉴于元代特殊的社会历史文化背景,文人成为元代绘画的主体,并将宋代已经逐步发展起来的文人画推向了顶峰。元代绘画作为文人的精神寄托,蕴含着丰富而鲜明的文人精神,也正是源于文人精神的彰显,才使得元代绘画至今依然光彩夺目、令人神往。研究元代绘画中的文人精神,不仅旨在从元代画家主体入手,深入挖掘元代绘画风格形成的内在原因,同时也通过对绘画中文人精神的批判认识,全面地呈现元代文人的价值取向和人生追求,并试图为当下的绘画艺术创作提供一些指引,或引发一点反思。本文包括绪论、正文(分为四章)、结语三个部分。绪论部分主要包括元代绘画的大体概观和目前国内外在该领域的研究现状。第一章主要对“文人”和“文人精神”的概念进行了探析。首先对“文人”概念进行了梳理,通过对不同时期“文人”概念的厘清,展现了自战国时期至今文人概念的流变。其次从“文人”与“士”的区别中进一步明晰了“文人”的概念。最后对“文人精神”的概念进行了界定,并将志道精神、生命精神、人格精神作为文人精神的主要特征。第二章主要介绍了元代绘画中文人精神形成的社会文化背景。第一节,“外族统治下的文化省思”,主要展现了宋末士风的凋敝以及在蒙古族统治的特殊境遇下,元代文人进行了深入反思,并作出了投身艺术的人生选择。第二节,“宽平之政下的文人雅集”,介绍了元代给予文人的宽松环境以及在这种环境中兴盛的文人集会、郊游等活动。第三节,“文人画坛地位的提升”,讲述了宫廷绘画在元代的衰弱以及文人在绘画领域中独占鳌头。第三章是本文的主体部分,主要从志道精神、生命精神、人格精神三个方面对元代绘画中的文人精神进行了剖析。第一节,“元代绘画中的志道精神”,从文人“志于道”的特点出发,通过元初遗民画家的民族情怀以及文化省思后的传统延续两个方面,对绘画中所蕴含的志道精神进行了详细介绍。第二节“元代绘画中的生命精神”,首先介绍了生命精神在画家生活状态中的呈现,即山水之中的生命寄存,其次介绍了生命精神在绘画作品中的呈现,也就是“逸格”画风的形成。第三节,“元代绘画中的人格精神”,一方面通过元代画家对于“人品”与“画品”的认识,挖掘出元代画家对自然人格的独特追崇,另一方面通过元代绘画中“君子”题材的盛行,展现文人对于独立人格的追寻。第四章对元代绘画中的文人精神进行了批判认识。第一节,“汲汲于功名的入仕欲望”,通过对王蒙、王冕的个例研究,展现了元代仕途不畅的境遇中,压抑在文人内心的入仕欲望以及这种汲汲之心在画家作品中的呈现。第二节,“玉山雅集中的旁观者姿态”,通过对玉山雅集中画家心态的探究,展现出末世之时文人对于社会变迁的旁观态度。结语部分探讨了元代绘画中的文人精神对当下绘画尤其是文人画创作的现实意义,同时也提出了本文的不足以及有待研究的领域。
[Abstract]:Chinese painting is a treasure of China art, painting a long course of development in China, the Yuan Dynasty painting shine, particularly eye-catching. In view of the special social historical and cultural background, become the subject of literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty, the literati paintings and the Song Dynasty has gradually developed to the peak. The Yuan Dynasty painting as a scholar of spiritual sustenance, implication rich Literati Spirit and distinctive, it is also demonstrated from the spirit of the literati, the Yuan Dynasty painting is still fascinating. The research The brightness dazzles the eyes. spirit of the literati in the Yuan Dynasty, the painting not only aims to start from the Yuan Dynasty painter subject, dig the inherent reason of the Yuan Dynasty painting style formation, but also through the criticism of painting Chinese spirit understanding, comprehensive presentation of Yuan dynasty literati values and pursuit of life, and tries to provide some guidance for the art of painting, or a little counter Scarlett. This paper consists of introduction, text (four chapters) and the conclusion three parts. The introduction part mainly includes the general overview of the Yuan Dynasty painting and current research status of this field at home and abroad. In the first chapter, the main concepts of "literati" and "Literati Spirit" are discussed. Firstly, the concept of "literati" combing through different period of "literati" to clarify the concept, show the changes from the Warring States period since the concept of literati. Secondly from the difference between "literati" and "Shi" in the further clarity of the "literati" concept. At the end of the "spirit of the literati" was defined, and the spirit of ztop, life the spirit of personality as the main characteristics of the spirit of the literati. The second chapter mainly introduces the Yuan Dynasty painting Chinese spirit formed the social and cultural background. In the first section, "under the rule of the foreign cultural reflection", mainly to show the end of Song Dynasty Scholars The decline in special circumstances and Mongolian rule, the yuan scholars conducted in-depth reflection, and made into art life choices. The second section, "the literati Gallery" wide of the government of the Yuan dynasty literati introduced give relaxed environment and in this environment the prosperity of the literati gatherings and other activities, outing third. "Literati painting Festival, the promotion of the position of" tells the story of the palace painting champion in the field of painting in the Yuan Dynasty. And the literati. The third chapter is the main part of this paper, mainly from the ztop spirit, the spirit of life, the three aspects of personality to analyze the spirit of the literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty. In the first section, "Yuan Dynasty in the painting of ztop spirit", starting from the characteristics of literati "Chi Tao", by the early Yuan Dynasty painters national feelings and cultural reflection of the continuation of traditional two aspects of painting in the history contains Spirit in detail. The second section "the Yuan Dynasty painting in the spirit of life", first introduced the spirit of life in life in the painter's life, namely the landscape storage, followed by the introduction of the spirit of life presented in the paintings, it is formation of "Yige" style. The third section, "the Yuan Dynasty painting in the spirit of personality", on the one hand, the Yuan Dynasty painter for "character" and "painting" the understanding, dig out the unique personality of the Yuan Dynasty painter duichong, on the other hand through the Yuan Dynasty painting "gentleman" theme of the popular show, literati pursuit of the independent personality. The fourth chapter makes a critical understanding the spirit of the literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty. In the first section, "trying to fame into Shi desire" by Wang Meng, a case study of Wang Mian, to show the poor situation in the career, in the heart of the depression This is the heart of desire and Shi in the works of artists in the show. In section second, "Yushan Ya concentrated bystander attitude", by exploring the mentality of the Yushan painter focused elegant, showing the eschatological writers of social change and attitude. The conclusion part of the spirit of the literati painting in Yuan Dynasty, especially the realistic significance of the literati painting of the painting, but also put forward the deficiencies and the field for further study.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J212

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