基于综合权值法与模糊综合模型的矿山地质环境评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 09:07

本文选题：矿山地质环境评价　切入点：综合权值法　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类的生存与社会的发展离不开矿产资源。矿产资源的开发利用,提高了人民的生活水平,促进了国民经济的稳定发展。但是,随着矿产资源的大规模开采,引发了一系列的矿山地质环境问题。不仅影响了矿山作业环境和作业条件,破坏地表景观和植被,还可能诱发矿山地质灾害,威胁人民生命财产安全,影响矿山及其周边居民的生活环境。矿产资源开发利用与地质环境保护之间的矛盾时刻影响着社会经济的可持续发展。因此,开展矿山地质环境评价工作是非常有必要的。国内外许多学者在矿山地质环境评价领域做了大量研究,探索了各种评价体系,评价模型和评价方法,对矿山地质环境进行综合评价。但矿山地质环境评估是一个复杂而系统的综合工作,还有一些局限性:评价指标的选取以及指标因子权重的确定在不同程度上受到主观因素的干扰,降低了评价结果的客观性与可信度。基于此,本文以海南省昌江石碌矿区为研究区,以2015年SPOT6和SPOT7高分辨率融合数据为数据源,根据当前的地质环境状况和现场调查资料,从自然地理,基础地质,矿山开发,矿山环境和矿山地质灾害五个方面提取了11个评价指标,建立了多层次的评价指标体系。然后,通过比较和分析客观赋权法和主观赋权法的优缺点,得到综合权值法。并利用综合权值法确定了各要素与各指标因子的权重,基于模糊综合评价模型对研究区矿山地质环境进行综合评价。最后运用网格法加以验证获得矿区地质环境分区图,以科学、客观的方式对综合评价结果进行分析,结果基本一致,也符合野外调查实际情况,更加验证了此方法的可行性与可靠性。本文通过对研究区矿山地质环境进行综合评价,得出该地区矿山地质环境属于差级别,地质环境问题严重,需要加强矿山地质环境治理。通过对评价结果和矿山地质环境现状的分析,为该矿区矿山开发规划和环境恢复治理提出相应的建议,也为其他矿区矿山地质环境评价提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:The survival of mankind and the development of society can not be separated from mineral resources. The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources have improved the living standards of the people and promoted the steady development of the national economy. However, with the large-scale exploitation of mineral resources, It has caused a series of mine geological environmental problems. It not only affects the working environment and operating conditions of mines, destroys the surface landscape and vegetation, but also may induce geological disasters in mines and threaten the safety of people's lives and property. The contradiction between the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources and the protection of geological environment affects the sustainable development of society and economy. It is very necessary to carry out mine geological environment assessment. Many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research in the field of mine geological environment evaluation, and explored various evaluation systems, evaluation models and evaluation methods. Comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment. But mine geological environment assessment is a complex and systematic comprehensive work. There are also some limitations: the selection of evaluation indexes and the determination of the weight of index factors are interfered by subjective factors to varying degrees, which reduces the objectivity and credibility of evaluation results. This paper takes the Shilu mining area in Changjiang, Hainan Province as the research area, takes the high resolution fusion data of SPOT6 and SPOT7 on 2015 as the data source, according to the current geological environment condition and the field investigation data, develops from the natural geography, the basic geology, the mine. Eleven evaluation indexes were extracted from five aspects of mine environment and geological hazard, and a multi-level evaluation index system was established. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of objective weighting method and subjective weighting method were compared and analyzed. The comprehensive weight method is obtained, and the weight of each factor and index factor is determined by using the comprehensive weight method. Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the comprehensive evaluation of the mine geological environment in the study area is carried out. Finally, the zoning map of the geological environment of the mining area is obtained by using the grid method, and the results of the comprehensive evaluation are analyzed in a scientific and objective way. The results are basically consistent and accord with the actual situation of field investigation, which proves the feasibility and reliability of this method. Through the comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment in the study area, it is concluded that the mine geological environment in this area is of poor grade. The geological environment problems are serious, so it is necessary to strengthen the mine geological environment treatment. Through the analysis of the evaluation results and the present situation of the mine geological environment, the corresponding suggestions are put forward for the mine development planning and environmental restoration in the mining area. It also provides reference basis for geological environment evaluation of other mining areas.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD167

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