基于园艺技术的屋顶绿化研究与实践

发布时间：2018-03-13 01:25

本文选题：屋顶绿化　切入点：园艺技术　出处：《浙江农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：屋顶绿化作为一种城市特殊空间的绿化形式,包括一切不与地面自然土壤相连接的各类建筑或构筑物的特种空间绿化,不仅涵盖了平屋顶绿化和斜屋顶绿化,还有阳台、天台、露台、地下停车场、高架等建筑物上的绿化,除了能够解决城市热岛效应、空气PM2.5、城市内涝等多种城市病以外,屋顶绿化还可以起到保护建筑物、促进医疗养老、调节身心健康等效应与功能,是城市中心新型的绿化方式。本文通过对屋顶绿化的相关文献检索与技术研究,结合杭州市屋顶绿化技术调查,探讨米兰“垂直森林”植物景观营造技术,加强案例分析与实践研究相结合,研究相关园艺技术在屋顶绿化中的应用,总结设计与施工中的关键技术问题。主要结论如下:(1)基于对国内外屋顶绿化相关文献研究,明确了欧盟多国、美国、日本等屋顶绿化相关协会与政策法规,分析了国内屋顶绿化研究的核心机构与学者,总结了国内相关屋顶绿化专利技术类型与发展趋势。(2)对杭州市屋顶绿化应用现状的调查,归纳了景观空间布局中自然式、规则式和混合多样式的特点,分析了杭州市屋顶绿化植物种类多样性;针对现状中出现的养护问题,总结了合理设计和养护管理要点;对杭州市屋顶绿化技术的调查,提出了植物种类和栽培介质选择技术、种植技术、灌溉与施肥技术在屋顶绿化中的应用。(3)以米兰“垂直森林”双塔楼为案例,研究植物景观营造技术的特点与方法,剖析了植物选择技术、种植技术、灌溉施肥技术及雨水循环利用技术;研究植物景观特色及其多样性,统计出植物种类共14种,隶属于10科13属,其中乔木5种,均以落叶树种为主,灌木7种,以观花类植物为主,地被植物2种;研究植物景观与建筑空间关系,提出了以植物景观单元为种植单元的植物景观营造模式。(4)在临安、重庆、上海三个项目的实践过程中,为解决屋顶荷载、轻质栽培、防根穿刺、防渗漏等问题,运用了有机生态型栽培基质、无土栽培技术、自动灌溉技术和蓄排水技术等园艺技术,达到了屋顶绿化精确灌溉、自动控制、智能调控及景观美化等效果。
[Abstract]:Roof greening, as a form of greening of special urban space, includes all kinds of special space greening of buildings or structures that are not connected with the natural soil on the ground. It not only covers the greening of flat roofs and oblique roofs, but also the terraces and rooftops. In addition to solving urban diseases such as urban heat island effect, air PM2.5, urban waterlogging and other urban diseases, greening on rooftops can also protect buildings and promote medical care and old-age care, in addition to urban greening on terraces, underground parking lots, elevated structures, and other buildings, such as the urban heat island effect, air PM2.5 and urban waterlogging. Regulating the effects and functions of physical and mental health is a new type of greening method in the city center. Through the research of relevant literature and technology of roof greening, this paper combines with the investigation of roof greening technology in Hangzhou. This paper discusses the plant landscape construction technology of "vertical forest" in Milan, strengthens the combination of case analysis and practical research, and studies the application of related horticultural techniques in roof greening. Summarizing the key technical problems in the design and construction. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) based on the research on the domestic and international literature on roof greening, the relevant associations and policies and regulations for roof greening in many European Union countries, the United States and Japan are clearly defined. This paper analyzes the core institutions and scholars of the domestic roof greening research, summarizes the domestic related roof greening patent technology types and development trend. It also summarizes the investigation of the present situation of the application of the roof greening in Hangzhou, and summarizes the natural form in the landscape space layout. This paper analyzes the diversity of roof greening plants in Hangzhou, summarizes the key points of reasonable design and maintenance management, and investigates the roof greening technology in Hangzhou. The application of plant species and cultivation medium selection technology, planting technology, irrigation and fertilization technology in roof greening was put forward. Taking the "vertical forest" twin towers in Milan as an example, the characteristics and methods of plant landscape construction technology were studied. Plant selection techniques, planting techniques, irrigation and fertilization techniques and Rain Water recycling techniques were analyzed, and plant landscape characteristics and diversity were studied. There were 14 species of plants belonging to 10 families and 13 genera, among which 5 species were Arbor. There are 7 species of shrubs, 7 species of deciduous trees, 2 species of ground cover plants, 7 species of shrubs, and 2 species of ground cover plants. The relationship between plant landscape and architectural space is studied, and the plant landscape construction model with plant landscape unit as planting unit is put forward in Lin'an, Chongqing, Chongqing, China. In the practice of the three projects in Shanghai, in order to solve the problems of roof load, light weight cultivation, root puncture prevention, leakage prevention, and so on, gardening techniques such as organic ecological cultivation substrate, soilless cultivation technology, automatic irrigation technology and drainage storage and drainage technology were used. The effects of accurate irrigation, automatic control, intelligent control and landscaping are achieved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU985.12

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