福州市滨水植物应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 02:18

  本文选题：福州　切入点：滨水绿地　出处：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：福州市河网纵横,湖、塘众多,具有丰富的滨水资源。但随着城市的发展,其日益发展的城市建设与有限的环境承载力之间的矛盾不断突出。如何利用植物打造自然化、生态化、人性化的滨水区景观绿化空间,营造与发挥滨水植物群落的景观效果和生态效益,对福州市城市人居环境建设具有十分重要的意义。本文以福州市滨水区为研究对象,以滨水植物为立足点,通过文献收集与实地调查的方法对福州市滨水区展开调查,深入了解福州市滨水区历史沿革与现状,并重点选择了30个不同类型滨水区绿地进行分析研究。通过对福州市滨水区环境现状及滨水植物应用情况的分析,得到以下结论：(1)通过对福州市30个不同滨水区现状进行调查分析,得到福州市滨水区绿地空间存在10种不同的断面形式及4种不同类型的护岸形式及其植物景观特点。其特征主要表现为：滨江绿地空间除乌龙江湿地公园外,均具有较多的滨水绿地空间,多形成复式的断面形式,绿地空间均高于水面,滨水绿地空间与水体环境以挡墙形式护岸结合。内河绿地城区内绿地空间大部分用地紧张,部分区段绿地空间严重不足,绿地性质已演化为防护绿地性质,部分绿地空间宽阔的河道区段已改造形成河岸景观廊道；而非城区的内河绿地相对比较宽阔,但水质多数较差,亲水绿地空间尴尬。滨湖公园绿地中,绿地空间相对宽阔,均能形成良好的滨水绿地空间,但部分公园滨水绿地存在生态景观不足的情况。(2)福州市滨水区主要应用植物有302种,其中滨水植物种类有68种,水生植物32种(挺水植物21种,浮叶植物4种,漂浮植物3种,沉水植物4种),湿生植物23种,中生13种(其中包括3种藤本植物)。通过对滨水植物观赏特性的分析得到5-10月份为滨水植物景观的最佳观赏期；植物颜色种类繁多,主要观花色系有：白色系、黄色系、紫色系、红色系等,观叶植物除白色系、黄色系、紫色系、红色系这几种单色叶外,还有花叶品种,但种类占少数；质感方面,中粗型植物占多数,细质型次之,粗质型最少。(3)通过对滨水植物分布情况的分析得到,滨湖公园的滨水植物数量在总体上分布较为丰富,内河绿地次之,滨江绿地最少。对频度的分析得到湿生植物的应用频度明显高于水生植物。频度F≥50%的植物并不多,仅13种。榕树作为福州的市树,其滨水绿地应用频度也为最高,达83.33%。从植物生活型看,湿生植物分布的种类及应用的频度均高于水生植物。因此在一些滨水区合理配置一些水生植物,不仅增加滨水区水体环境物种多样性,还可以提高水生态系统的稳定性。(4)通过探讨福州市现存的主要建植方式与现状滨水绿地空间的特征,提出滨水植物生态景观改造的可行性建植方法。同时根据福州市滨水绿地所临陆地空间水体的不同及水域空间不同水面大小、水深条件、水流情况、水体形状、水质情况选择应用滨水植物与配置形式,并提出对滨水植物的养护管理的建议。
[Abstract]:Fuzhou City, crisscrossed rivers, lake, pond has many waterfront resources. But with the development of the city, the contradiction between the city construction and the limited environmental capacity of its growing continuously prominent. How to use the plant to create a natural, ecological, humanized waterfront landscape green space, create and play waterfront plant landscape and ecological benefits, has very important significance to the Fuzhou city human settlements construction. Taking Fuzhou city waterfront as the research object, on the waterfront plant as the starting point, through the method of literature collection and field investigation investigation of Fuzhou city waterfront, in-depth understanding of Fuzhou city waterfront in the historical evolution and current situation, and focused on the choice of 30 different types of waterfront green space were analyzed. Through the analysis of Fuzhou city waterfront environment and waterfront plant application, get the following conclusion : (1) based on the 30 different Fuzhou city waterfront investigation analysis, Fuzhou city waterfront green space there are 10 different sections and 4 different types of revetments and plant landscape features. Its main characteristic is: the Binjiang green space in Ukraine Longjiang Wetland Park, have more the waterfront green space, the formation of multi section type of green space were higher than that of the water, the waterfront green space and water environment in the form of revetment retaining wall combined. Green space green space within the city most inland areas, a section of a serious shortage of green space, green nature has evolved as a protective green nature, part of the green space is wide the river section has formed riparian landscape corridor; urban green space rather than inland is relatively wide, but the majority of poor water quality, hydrophilic green space parks of Binhu embarrassment. 涓，

本文编号：1698347