兰州市安宁区城市绿地演变及城市森林服务效应分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 19:03

本文选题：城市绿地　切入点：景观格局　出处：《甘肃农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市绿地是构成城市生态系统的重要组成部分,其发展受人文环境与自然环境多重因素影响,城市森林则是城市生活中重要的生态功能调控者。两者在维护城市生态系统稳定、满足城市生态服务功能等方面具有积极作用,能够在一定程度上缓解快速城市化所带来的一系列问题。目前,关于城市绿地景观格局和城市森林生态服务功能的研究逐渐增多,但基本都停留在定性研究探讨中,定量分析的研究较少。本文采用landsat卫星影像资料,对安宁区的城市绿地演变规律以及随梯度变化情况进行定量分析,并对城市森林斑块分布与一定服务距离下的生态服务效应和合理布局进行了探索。研究结果表明:(1)近年来,安宁区建城区范围内的绿地斑块数目与面积均有了一定程度的增加,但是分布不均匀,破碎化程度较高,以建成区中心的破碎化程度最大,说明城市景观格局受城市化的发展影响较大。(2)从景观组分形状指数及聚合度分析来看,中心位置辐射区域内,景观形状指数较大,聚合指数较低,说明中心范围内的离散性较高、斑块的破碎化程度也较大,聚合度指数仅在城郊附近较高,景观中绿地斑块才以少数的大斑块为主且高度连接。(3)安宁区城市森林斑块总数为17个,斑块密度为14.16,城市森林空间分布不均匀,城市森林斑块主要分布于研究区的中部和东部,整体斑块服务功能效应不均衡。(4)在500m、1000m、2000m的服务距离下,城市森林服务的居民点斑块数及面积比例分别为:49个,31.92%;113个,60.97%;155个,78.92%。从不同服务条件的重叠区域来看,最大重叠比例为71.82%,表明此区域居民具有较大可选择性。通过模拟斑块建设后,城市森林斑块的服务效应显著提高,不同服务距离下的居民点斑块数与面积比例分别为:63个,38.02%;139个,75.39%;183个,96.18%。(5)研究区东西部生态建设差距较大,西部区域仍有部分可利用的农用地以及未利用地,且西部城郊范围内居民点分布较为零散,因此其区域内城市森林的发展空间较大,可作为今后森林城市建设的突破口。
[Abstract]:Urban green space is an important part of urban ecosystem. Its development is influenced by many factors of human environment and natural environment. Urban forest is an important regulator of ecological function in urban life.Both of them play a positive role in maintaining the stability of urban ecosystem and satisfying the function of urban ecological service, and can alleviate a series of problems brought about by rapid urbanization to a certain extent.At present, the research on the landscape pattern of urban green space and the ecological service function of urban forest has gradually increased, but it has basically remained in the qualitative research, but the quantitative analysis is less.In this paper, the evolution law of urban green space in Anning area and its variation with gradient are quantitatively analyzed by using landsat satellite image data, and the ecological service effect and rational layout of urban forest patch distribution and certain service distance are explored.The results show that in recent years, the number and area of green patches in the urban area of Anning District have increased to some extent, but the distribution is uneven, the degree of fragmentation is relatively high, and the degree of fragmentation in the center of the built area is the largest.It shows that the urban landscape pattern is greatly affected by the development of urbanization. (2) from the analysis of landscape component shape index and aggregation degree, the landscape shape index is larger and the aggregation index is lower in the radiation region of central position.It shows that the dispersion in the center is higher, the fragmentation degree of patches is also larger, and the aggregation index is higher only near the outskirts of the city.The total number of urban forest patches in Anning region is 17, the density of urban forest is 14.16, the spatial distribution of urban forest is uneven, and the urban forest patches are mainly distributed in the middle and east of the study area.Under the service distance of 500m ~ 1000m ~ 2000m, the number of patches and the area ratio of residential areas in urban forest service are 49 (31.92), 113 (60.97) and 78.92 (155) respectively.According to the overlap area of different service conditions, the maximum overlap ratio is 71.82, which indicates that the residents of this area have greater selectivity.After simulated patch construction, the service effect of urban forest patch was significantly improved. The ratio of patch number to area in residential area under different service distances was: 63 patches 38.02; 139 patches 75.39; 183 forest patches 96.18.5) the gap of ecological construction between the east and the west of the study area was large.There are still some available agricultural land and unused land in the western region, and the residential areas in the western suburbs are scattered. Therefore, the development space of the urban forest in the western region is large, which can be used as a breakthrough point for the forest city construction in the future.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S731.2

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