湖南省森林植物园景观美学评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 03:26

本文选题：植物园　切入点：景观美学评价　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：植物园是城市绿地系统的重要组成成分,起着十分重要的作用。植物景观作为植物园中的主体有很多重要的功能和作用,比如改善自然环境,增加环境观赏性,营造良好的视觉感知,创造丰富的造景效果,还可以提供遮阴、休闲游憩的活动场所和服务空间。进入新世纪以来,人们向往自然的需求日益凸显,“人”对景观的审美在建设中起到越来越重要的作用[2]。本文依据景观美学、心理学理论和方法,以湖南省森林植物园为研究对象,对视觉景观质量进行研究。针对植物园景观特点建立景观质量评价模型,为相关研究提供参考;结合评价结果针对研究区景观现状,提出建设建议。首先,本文对植物园的景观美学价值进行剖析,主要从三个方面进行分析:①形态多样性,主要包括自然美价值、社会美价值和艺术美价值;②成分多样性,主要包括自然、人为的美学价值;③层次多样性,主要包括功能上的完整、形式上的美好、意境上的妙美和综合性的广美。借鉴SBE法(美景度评价法)对美景度值进行测量。选取湖南省森林植物园为样本地,通过拍照获取样本资料;选取58张照片作为景观美学评价样本照片,本次评判共邀请在校生和社会人士共95名,回收89份有效问卷;对数据进行标准化处理,得到样本的景观美景度值排序。采用SD法(语义差异法)对景观美学预测因子进行评价。选取不同质量层次的16个典型样本,邀请风景园林专业的研究生40人进行评价。将两者的结果通过相关分析、回归分析建立景观质量评价模型。根据最终建立的模型可以分析出,对植物园景观美学质量影响较大的几个预测因子按作用由大到小依次为:植物形态美观度、植物种类多样性、植物景观层次多样性、郁闭度、建筑小品协调性、道路形态感、植物景观自然性、科普标志显著性。此模型结果可以为未来植物园的建设或改造提供科学依据。结合评价结果和研究区现状进行分析,得出湖南省森林植物园景观美学质量存在的问题:植物景观出现了地表裸露或缺乏管理而形成的杂乱无章的现象;景观要素比较单一;水体构成和形式相对单一,景观类型不丰富;部分建筑、道路等人工要素与自然结合程度较差;科普展示类景观内容单调、形式单一,而且美观性较差。最后针对以上问题提出了相对应的改造意见。
[Abstract]:Botanical garden is an important component of urban green space system and plays a very important role.As the main body of botanical garden, plant landscape has many important functions and functions, such as improving the natural environment, increasing the appreciation of the environment, creating good visual perception, creating rich landscape effects, and providing shade.The activity place and service space of leisure and recreation.Since entering the new century, people's demand for nature has become more and more prominent, and "man" has played a more and more important role in the construction of landscape aesthetics.Based on the theories and methods of landscape aesthetics, psychology, and the forest botanical garden of Hunan province, this paper studies the quality of visual landscape.Based on the landscape characteristics of the botanical garden, a landscape quality evaluation model is established to provide a reference for the relevant research. Combined with the evaluation results, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the construction of the landscape in the study area.First of all, this paper analyzes the landscape aesthetic value of the botanical garden, mainly from three aspects of the analysis of the diversity of the form of 1: 1, mainly including natural beauty value, social beauty value and artistic beauty value elements diversity, mainly including nature.The artificial aesthetic value has three levels of diversity, including functional integrity, form beauty, artistic conception beauty and comprehensive beauty.Using SBE method (beauty degree evaluation method) to measure the beauty degree.The forest botanical garden of Hunan Province was selected as the sample, and 58 photos were selected as samples of landscape aesthetics evaluation. A total of 95 students and social personages were invited and 89 valid questionnaires were collected.The data were standardized and the landscape beauty values of the samples were sorted.SD (semantic difference method) was used to evaluate the prediction factors of landscape aesthetics.Sixteen typical samples of different quality levels were selected and 40 graduate students majoring in landscape architecture were invited to evaluate them.The landscape quality evaluation model was established by correlation analysis and regression analysis.According to the established model, it can be concluded that the prediction factors which have a great influence on the aesthetic quality of the landscape of botanical garden are: the aesthetic degree of plant form, the diversity of plant species, the diversity of plant landscape level, the degree of canopy closure according to the function from big to small.Coordination of architectural sketches, sense of road morphology, naturalness of plant landscape, significance of popular science mark.The results of this model can provide scientific basis for the construction or reconstruction of botanical gardens in the future.Based on the analysis of the evaluation results and the present situation of the research area, the problems of landscape aesthetic quality of Hunan Forest Botanical Garden were obtained: the plant landscape appeared the disorderly phenomenon of bare surface or lack of management, the landscape elements were relatively single;The composition and form of water body is relatively single, the landscape type is not rich; some artificial elements such as buildings, roads and natural combination degree is poor; popular science display landscape content monotonous, single form, and poor aesthetic.Finally, the corresponding suggestions are put forward in view of the above problems.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986.52

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