榆林地区景观生态风险时空分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 03:06

本文选题：景观生态风险 + 景观生态完整性　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,生态环境日益恶化,人们越来越重视生态环境的保护。国家通过防治沙漠化、治理水土流失、开展植树种草、建设生态农业等方式进行的生态环境建设,旨在保护和建设好生态环境,实现可持续发展。尤其是生态环境相对脆弱的西部地区,生态环境建设已成为实施西部大开发战略的基础。榆林地区地处陕北黄土高原和毛乌素沙地的接壤地带,生态环境相对脆弱。该区矿产资源丰富,矿产资源的开发更引起了一系列环境问题。本文对榆林地区2000年、2005年、2010年的三期遥感影像进行解译,根据景观类型的变化情况,利用Arc GIS的空间分析功能分析景观的演替状况。将三期图像各分成527块样地,从景观生态完整性出发,选取景观破碎化指数、景观连接度指数、生态敏感性指数、景观多样性指数、植被指数作为影响景观生态完整性的因子,利用Fragstats软件对景观指数进行计算,结合专家评分法和层次分析法,利用Idrisi对权重进行计算,最终组成指标体系计算每个样地的景观生态完整性指数,利用Arc GIS进行克吕格插值,反映景观生态完整性的时空分异状况。在此基础上,探讨景观生态风险的时空分异状况,结果表明,榆林地区的景观生态风险整体来说逐渐减弱,极强风险区、强风险区有向中度风险区转变的趋势,但部分地区的景观生态风险有增强的趋势,榆林地区的生态环境保护取得了一定的成效,但仍应对环境的变化加以重视。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the ecological environment is worsening day by day, people pay more and more attention to the protection of ecological environment. In order to protect and build a good ecological environment and realize sustainable development, the state carries out ecological environment construction by means of preventing and controlling desertification, controlling soil and water loss, carrying out the recommendation of planting trees, constructing ecological agriculture and so on. Especially in the western region, where the ecological environment is relatively fragile, the construction of ecological environment has become the basis of implementing the strategy of western development. Yulin area is located on the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi and the border of Maowusu sandy land, and the ecological environment is relatively fragile. This area is rich in mineral resources and the exploitation of mineral resources has caused a series of environmental problems. This paper interprets three remote sensing images in Yulin region in 2000, 2005 and 2010. According to the changes of landscape types, the spatial analysis function of Arc GIS is used to analyze the landscape succession. According to landscape ecological integrity, landscape fragmentation index, landscape connectivity index, ecological sensitivity index, landscape diversity index and vegetation index were selected as factors affecting landscape ecological integrity. Using Fragstats software to calculate landscape index, combining expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process, using Idrisi to calculate weight, finally constituting index system to calculate landscape ecological integrity index of each sample land, using Arc GIS to carry out Kruger interpolation. The temporal and spatial differentiation of landscape ecological integrity. On this basis, the temporal and spatial differentiation of landscape ecological risk is discussed. The results show that the landscape ecological risk in Yulin area is gradually weakened, and the extremely strong risk area and the strong risk area have the tendency to change to the moderate risk area. However, the landscape ecological risk in some areas is increasing, and the ecological environment protection in Yulin area has made some achievements, but it should still pay attention to the change of the environment.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P901

【参考文献】