中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观形态特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 03:36

本文选题：中东铁路 + 干线　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：中东铁路干线是沙俄修筑的西伯利亚铁路在中国境内的一段,它是中国20世纪早期工业化、近代化进程的实物例证,因其遗产的完整性和系统性,以及作为跨文化交流的产物,在中国具有高度的代表性和唯一性。由于中东铁路遗产保护工作的基础性研究不足,而铁路遗产面临着日益严重的自然和人为破坏问题,伴随着我国对铁路遗产重视度的提高和文化线路申遗热潮的契机,对中东铁路干线铁路遗产保护与再利用的前期相关研究迫在眉睫。本研究的目的在于从形态角度对中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观进行深入的认知,分析研究其形态特征,对其各层次、各类型要素的形态进行全面充分的了解,以期为其未来的评价、保护和再利用打下基础。本论文从中东铁路建设的大背景谈起,首先梳理出中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观的产生和演进脉络,然后对遗产景观整体格局和遗产景观要素的空间分布进行描述。对中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观分类后,分别对线路和车站两类遗产景观进行形态分析和研究,主要从整体功能和要素的功能构成两方面来研究遗产景观的功能形态,应用形态学相关理论分析遗产景观要素的形体,应用基于分形几何学的景观量化分析方法来分析遗产景观要素立面的轮廓形态和立面形态丰富度,最后对遗产景观形态的审美体验进行分析和总结。本研究发现中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观伴随着中东铁路干线应运而生,经历了五个不同时期的路权更替而发展变化;中东铁路干线铁路遗产景观在整体上呈“廊道—斑块—基质”模式,并具备多样性和异质性的特征,且遗产景观要素的分布与铁路线路和地形存在着关系;中东铁路干线的线路遗产景观和车站遗产景观在功能形态方面包括整体功能和要素功能,各司其职共同维持铁路系统运转;而在空间形态方面存在着不同的分布和布局特征,遗产景观要素有着不同的形体模式和立面特色,具有不同的吸引程度;各类遗产景观的形态给人们不同的感受,表现为不同的审美特征。遗产景观的形态特征是对遗产进行评价时需要考虑的重要内容,对遗产形态特征的研究是对遗产进行保护和再利用的前提,本研究为中东铁路干线的铁路遗产景观资源的评价,以及后续的保护和再利用提供形态方面的依据。
[Abstract]:The railway trunk line in the Middle East is a section of the Siberian railway built by Russia in China. It is a physical example of the process of industrialization and modernization of China in the early 20th century, because of the integrity and systematization of its heritage, as well as a product of cross-cultural exchanges. In China has a high degree of representativeness and uniqueness. Due to the lack of basic research on the protection of railway heritage in the Middle East, the railway heritage is faced with increasingly serious problems of natural and man-made destruction. It is urgent to study the protection and reuse of Middle East railway trunk railway heritage. The purpose of this study is to make a deep understanding of the Middle East railway heritage landscape from the angle of form, analyze and study its morphological characteristics, and make a comprehensive and full understanding of its various levels and types of elements. In order to lay a foundation for its future evaluation, protection and reuse. This paper starts from the background of the Middle East railway construction, firstly combs out the origin and evolution of the Middle East railway trunk railway heritage landscape, then describes the overall pattern of the heritage landscape and the spatial distribution of the elements of the heritage landscape. After classifying the heritage landscape of the Middle East railway trunk line, the paper analyzes and studies the form of the two kinds of heritage landscape, mainly from the two aspects of the whole function and the functional composition of the elements to study the functional form of the heritage landscape. The morphological correlation theory is applied to analyze the shape of heritage landscape elements, and the landscape quantitative analysis method based on fractal geometry is used to analyze the contours and facade richness of heritage landscape elements. Finally, the aesthetic experience of heritage landscape form is analyzed and summarized. This study found that the heritage landscape of the Middle East railway trunk line came into being with the emergence of the Middle East railway trunk line, and experienced five different periods of road rights change and development. On the whole, the heritage landscape of Middle East railway trunk line is "corridor, patch and matrix" pattern, and it has the characteristics of diversity and heterogeneity, and the distribution of the elements of the heritage landscape is related to the railway line and terrain. The heritage landscape of Middle East railway line and the heritage landscape of railway station include the whole function and the essential function in the function form, each of them has its duty to maintain the operation of the railway system, but there are different distribution and layout characteristics in the space form. The elements of the heritage landscape have different physical patterns and facade features, and have different degrees of attraction. The forms of various heritage landscapes give people different feelings and show different aesthetic characteristics. The morphological characteristics of the heritage landscape is an important content to be considered in the evaluation of the heritage. The study of the morphological characteristics of the heritage is the premise of the protection and reuse of the heritage. This study is the evaluation of the railway heritage landscape resources of the Middle East railway trunk line. And subsequent protection and reuse to provide the form of the basis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.114

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