养老地产户外空间设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 18:10

本文选题：老年人 + 身心健康需求　；参考：《四川农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：养老地产凭借其优质的养老空间和周到细微的服务,在社会老龄化速度加快的背景下,受到越来越多人的追捧。设计与之配套的“养老户外空间”具有极其深远的意义。论文以老年人身心健康需求为切入点,通过研究分析理论知识,得出老年人身心健康需求影响因素,且调研分析这些因素对老年人身心健康需求的影响程度,探讨在这些因素的作用下老年人身心健康需求与养老地产户外空间之间的关系,总结出养老地产户外空间设计策略、并应用于成都棠湖国际健康城户外空间的规划设计,形成一套完整的规划设计方案。通过研究及实践得出以下结论：(1)在年龄性别因素、受教育程度、独立活动性、场地设计因素的综合影响下老年人的身心健康需求表现各异。第一、老年人年龄性别因素。老年人随着年龄的增加感官功能逐年衰退,对他人的依赖性逐年递增,因此要求户外环境具有安全性和弥补性。第二、受教育程度因素。学历越高的老年人对生活的要求相对更高,更看重舒适、和谐的户外环境。第三、老年人独立活动性因素。老年人健康、婚姻、代际关系影响老人的独立活动,而独立活动因素又限制了老人的户外活动形式和时间。第四、场地设计因素。户外活动空间内各种设施的尺寸、材料的选用、植物种类的选择、场地及设施的维护管理都会影响老年人户外活动的安全。(2)老年人身心健康需求与养老地产户外空间设计是相互影响、相互促进的关系。第一,由于身体萎缩,老人需要符合老年人体工程学的活动设施；第二,老年人的安全需求要求户外空间在功能上应更注重安全性、弥补性；第三,老年人感官感知能力下降,要求户外景观在形式上运用色彩的搭配和具有保健功能的植物对感官功能进行刺激,延缓感官感知能力的下降；第四,老年人对多类型户外空间的需求要求养老地产的户外空间具备多样性、多层次的活动领域。多类型的户外空间,丰富了老人的活动,而多彩的活动带给老人更为广泛的交际。(3)养老地产户外空间的设计要遵循安全及弥补性需求、老年人体工程学需求、老年人感官感知需求、多类型户外空间需求等设计策略。考虑老人的身心变化,将老人的不同需求贯穿至整个设计流程,以无障碍和弥补性设计为原则,选用符合老年人体工程学的设施(如老年人健身器材、座椅、种植池等),为老人的各项活动带来顺畅、便捷。合理搭配色彩、规划路径、选配植物,给老人带来和谐舒适的感官环境,满足感官感知需求。多类型空间的需求,设计多类型户外交往空间(如群体活动空间、艺术交流空间、坐息空间、步行空间、健身康体空间等),满足老人不同的活动需求,为老人提供更多室外活动的机会,促进相互问的交往。(4)成都棠湖国际健康城户外空间规划设计遵循上述设计策略,充分体现老年人身心健康需求。根据老年人的年龄及健康状况进行了功能分区,交通流线和步行道的组织满足安全、弥补性需求,景观满足老年人感官感知需求,且针对性的设计了多功能广场、安全步行道、园圃及感官花园等多类型户外活动空间便于老人开展各种形式的活动。营造出具有“养老、延老、享老”功能的户外空间。
[Abstract]:By virtue of its high quality old-age space and thoughtful service, the old-age property is being pursued by more and more people in the background of the accelerated aging of the society. The design and matching of the "old-age outdoor space" is of profound significance. The thesis takes the physical and mental health of the elderly as a breakthrough point and studies the theoretical knowledge. The influence factors of the physical and mental health needs of the elderly are analyzed, and the influence degree of these factors on the physical and mental health needs of the elderly is investigated and analyzed. The relationship between the physical and mental health needs of the elderly and the outdoor space of the old estate is discussed under these factors, and the outdoor space design strategy of the aged real estate is summarized and applied to the international health of Chengdu tong Lake. The planning and design of the outdoor space of the city forms a complete set of planning and design plans. Through research and practice, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the physical and mental health needs of the elderly are different under the influence of age and sex, education, independent activity, and site design factors. First, the age and sex factors of the elderly. With the increase of age, the sensory function is declining year by year, and the dependence on others is increasing year by year. Therefore, the outdoor environment is required to be safe and remediable. Second, the education degree. The higher the degree of education, the older people have higher demands for life, more comfortable and harmonious outdoor environment. Third, the independent active factors of the elderly. Health, marriage and intergenerational relations affect the independent activities of the elderly, and independent activity factors restrict the form and time of the old people's outdoor activities. Fourth, site design factors. The size of various facilities in the outdoor space, selection of materials, selection of plant species, and maintenance and management of sites and facilities will affect the outdoor activities of the elderly. (2) the old people's physical and mental health needs and the old-age real estate outdoor space design is mutual influence, mutual promotion relationship. First, because of the body atrophy, the elderly need to meet the elderly human engineering activities; second, the elderly demand for the safety of outdoor space in the function should pay more attention to safety, remedies; third, old age. The sensory perception ability of the people is declining, which requires the outdoor landscape to form the collocation of color in form and to stimulate the sensory function of the plants with health care function, to postpone the decline of sensory perception ability; fourth, the needs of the old people for the multi type outdoor space require the diversity of the outdoor space of the old estate, and the multi level activity field. Type of outdoor space enriches the activities of the elderly, and the colorful activities bring more extensive communication to the elderly. (3) the design of the outdoor space for the elderly should follow the safety and reparation requirements, the needs of the elderly human ergonomics, the seniors' sensory perception needs, and the multiple types of outdoor space requirements. The different needs of the elderly through the whole design process, with the principle of barrier free and remediable design, the selection of facilities in accordance with the ergonomics (such as the elderly fitness equipment, seat, planting pool, etc.), for the activities of the elderly to bring smooth, convenient, rational collocation, planning, selection of plants, to bring harmony and comfort to the elderly The sense environment, satisfy the sense perception demand. The need of multi type space, design multi type outdoor communication space (such as group activity space, art exchange space, sitting space, walking space, fitness and fitness space, etc.), meet the needs of different activities for the elderly, provide more outdoor activities for the elderly, and promote interrelated communication. (4) Chengdu The outdoor space planning and design of Tong Hu International Health City follows the above design strategies to fully reflect the physical and mental health needs of the elderly. Functional zoning is carried out according to the age and health status of the elderly. The organization of traffic streamlines and walkways satisfies the safety, compensatory needs, and the landscape meets the sensens perception needs of the elderly, and the targeted design is designed. Multi-function square, safe walkway, garden and sensory garden, and other types of outdoor activities to facilitate the elderly to carry out various forms of activities. Create a "old-age, Yan Lao, enjoy the old" function of outdoor space.

【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.12

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