光响应高级氧化技术的除藻性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 09:40

  本文选题：高级氧化技术 + 铜绿微囊藻　； 参考：《河北科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：蓝藻水华的不断发生严重的影响了人类的正常生活,导致环境越来越恶劣。由于水华的出现相应的除藻技术也不断涌现,各种除藻方法层出不穷。但是,各类除藻方法中,因成本较高、易产生二次污染等缺点而不能广泛应用。研究能有效防治水华的方法是必要的。近年来,高级氧化技术在降解有机污染物中越来越受到关注,因该技术具有氧化能力强、不产生二次污染、经济环保等优点。但是高级氧化技术应用于抑杀蓝藻控制水华实验尚未见报道,如何利用不同的高级氧化技术控藻是研究的方向。通过对景观水的显微镜观察,知道引起水华的藻种是铜绿微囊藻。本课题主要采用高级氧化技术中的两种技术进行除藻实验研究,即光催化剂除藻试验和基于硫酸根自由基的除藻试验。除藻效果的评价方法是叶绿素a去除率和总可溶性蛋白去除率。主要研究内容如下:1)应用尿素分解-均匀共沉淀法制备了锌钛类水滑石,然后再焙烧制得钛基复合金属氧化物,用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-差热仪、扫描电子显微镜对制得的光催化剂进行了表征,通过简单的除藻实验得到锌钛类水滑石和钛基复合金属氧化物的制备条件:锌钛摩尔比为4:1,晶化时间为10 h,尿素用量为0.10 mol。钛基复合金属氧化物的焙烧时间为6 h,焙烧温度为700℃,得到具有可见光催化活性的光催化剂。2)将有可见光催化活性的锌钛类水滑石和钛基复合金属氧化物应用到除藻实验中得到最佳的除藻效果。通过单因素实验和正交试验得到最佳除藻条件为:Zn-Ti LDHs投加量为20 mg,反应时间为3.0 h,pH为8,吸附时间为30 min。叶绿素a和总可溶性蛋白的去除率分别达到了96.38%和90.87%。通过测定藻毒素的相对含量得知光催化剂对藻毒素也有一定的降解效果。通过透射电镜观察光催化剂除藻的藻细胞形态变化,简单分析除藻机理。3)通过亚铁离子活化和紫外光活化过硫酸钠,使其产生硫酸根自由基。将通过活化的过硫酸钠应用于除藻实验中得到最佳的除藻效果。对于亚铁离子活化过硫酸钠正交试验得到最佳除藻条件为:Na2S2O8/Fe2+配比为2:1,过硫酸钠浓度为20 mg/L,pH为7。叶绿素a和总可溶性蛋白的去除率分别达到了95.34%和92.78%。通过测定藻毒素的相对含量得知活化的过硫酸钠对藻毒素也有一定的降解效果。
[Abstract]:The continuous occurrence of cyanobacteria Shui Hua has seriously affected human normal life, resulting in an increasingly bad environment. Due to the emergence of Shui Hua, the corresponding algal removal technology is also emerging, and various algal removal methods emerge in endlessly. However, various algal removal methods can not be widely used because of high cost and easy to produce secondary pollution. It is necessary to study effective methods to prevent and cure Shui Hua. In recent years, advanced oxidation technology has attracted more and more attention in the degradation of organic pollutants, because of its strong oxidation ability, no secondary pollution, economic and environmental protection and so on. However, the application of advanced oxidation technology in Shui Hua control experiments of cyanobacteria has not been reported, and how to use different advanced oxidation techniques to control algae is the research direction. The microcystis aeruginosa was found to cause Shui Hua by microscopic observation of landscape water. In this paper, two kinds of advanced oxidation techniques were used to study algal removal, namely photocatalyst and sulfate radical. The removal rate of chlorophyll a and total soluble protein were used to evaluate the effect of algae removal. The main contents of the study are as follows: (1) Zn-Ti hydrotalcite was prepared by urea decomposition-homogeneous coprecipitation method, and then calcined to prepare titanium-based composite metal oxides. X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential calorimeter (DTA) were used to prepare titanium based composite metal oxides. The photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscope. The preparation conditions of zinc-titanium hydrotalcite and titanium-based composite metal oxide were obtained by simple algal removal experiment: the molar ratio of zinc to titanium was 4: 1, the crystallization time was 10 h, and the amount of urea was 0.10 mol. The calcination time is 6 h and the calcination temperature is 700 鈩，

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