银川市园林植物调查与分析

发布时间：2018-06-16 12:29

本文选题：园林植物 + 园林应用　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：园林植物是城市园林绿地建设的主要材料,园林植物具有保护生态环境,改善城市小气候、美化居住环境等功能作用,对保持生态环境平衡有不可替代的重要作用。但有关银川市园林植物种类及其应用的研究还处于起步阶段。本研究选取银川市几类主要城市绿地类型,如公园绿地、街旁绿地、附属绿地以及居住绿地等共129处绿地样点进行了实地调查和系统资料整理,其目的在于:了解银川市绿地系统中园林植物种类的组成状况;对银川市各类型绿地的绿化树种的种类、生态习性,在园林中的应用方式进行分析;探讨银川市园林植物应用现状中存在的问题,提出相关优化对策,为银川市建设城市生态园林景观水平的提高提供理论依据。这对促进银川市的园林建设可持续发展将具有重要意义。主要研究结果如下:(1)通过外业调查和内业整理相结合的方式,对银川市境内的园林植物进行研究,较全面地掌握了银川市园林植物种类及其应用状况和景观效果。银川市的园林植物种类表现一定的多样性特征。园林植物共有287种,隶属于68科,122属。木本植物216种,隶属于35科,60属,其中,落叶树190种,常绿树26种。乔灌木的比例为6:5,常绿落叶植物的比例为1:7.3。彩叶植物共26科35属58种。在银川市共发现保健类植物38种,隶属于18科29属,有乔木、灌木、藤本等。据调查统计,银川市有古树名木7种12株。其中古树4种5株,分属4科4属;名木3种7株,分属3科3属,重点保护树木10种101株,隶属10科10属。草本花卉71种,隶属于33科62属。其中,一二年生花卉33种,隶属于21科31属,多年生草本38种,隶属于18科31属。(2)从行道树、造景植物及基调树种三个方面对银川市园林植物应用进行了分析,主要道路绿化树种有11种,隶属于7科10属,占银川市园林树木总种数的5.1%,占银川市园林树木中乔木种数的9.56%;银川的造景植物不够丰富,主要园林配置形式有孤植、列植、丛植和群植。用于垂直绿化和立体绿化的植物少。(3)银川市园林植物的应用存在问题:园林植物种类不够丰富;乔灌草配置结构不合理;彩叶植物种类偏少,景观色彩单一;草本花卉植物资源较多,但园林景观中草花应用少。银川市园林植物应用建议:应增加园林植物种类,采用乔灌草相结合的配置形式;用色彩鲜明、突出的树种,形成银川特色;重视速生树种的选择,增加速生树种与慢生树种的比例。提高城市绿地植物的配置水平,提高园林绿地植物景观多样性。
[Abstract]:Garden plants are the main materials for the construction of urban garden and green space. The garden plants have the functions of protecting the ecological environment, improving the urban microclimate, beautifying the living environment and so on. It has an irreplaceable role in maintaining the balance of the ecological environment. However, the research on the species of garden plants and its application in Yinchuan is still in its infancy. A total of 129 kinds of main types of green space in Yinchuan, such as park green space, roadside green space, attached green space and residential green space, were investigated and systematically collected. The purpose was to understand the composition of garden plant species in the green space system in Yinchuan and the species of greening trees of various types of green space in Yinchuan. Class, ecological habits, the application of garden in the analysis of the application of the existing problems in the application of garden plants in Yinchuan City, put forward the relevant optimization countermeasures, for the construction of Yinchuan city ecological garden landscape level to improve the theoretical basis. This will promote the sustainable development of Yinchuan garden forest construction will be of great significance. The results are as follows: (1) through the combination of external investigation and internal industry arrangement, the garden plants in Yinchuan are studied, and the species of garden plants in Yinchuan and their application and landscape effects are mastered. The species of garden plants in Yinchuan show a certain variety of characteristics. There are 287 species of garden plants, which belong to 68 families. 122 genera, 216 species of woody plants, belonging to 35 families and 60 genera, 190 species of deciduous trees and 26 evergreen trees. The proportion of trees and shrubs is 6:5, the proportion of evergreen deciduous plants is 26 families 35 genera and 58 species. In Yinchuan, 38 species of health care plants belonging to 18 families, trees, shrubs, and Fujimoto are found. According to the statistics, Yinchuan city has ancient times. There are 7 trees and 12 trees, of which 4 species of ancient trees are 5, belonging to 4 families, 4 genera, 3 species and 7 plants, belonging to 3 genera, 3 families and 3 genera, belonging to 10 species of trees, subordinate to 10 families. The application of garden plants in Yinchuan city is analyzed in three aspects. There are 11 main road greening species, belonging to 7 families and 10 genera, accounting for 5.1% of the total number of garden trees in Yinchuan, accounting for 9.56% of the tree species in the garden trees in Yinchuan, and the landscape plants in Yinchuan are not rich enough. There are few plants in vertical greening and three dimensional greening. (3) there are problems in the application of garden plants in Yinchuan: the species of garden plants is not rich enough; the configuration of Jo grass is not reasonable; the species of colored plants are less, the landscape color is single; the plant resources of herbaceous plants are more, but the application of garden plants is less. The application suggestion of garden plants in Yinchuan: should: Increasing the species of garden plants, using the collocation form of the combination of Jo and grass and grass, with distinctive color and prominent tree species, form Yinchuan characteristics, pay more attention to the selection of fast-growing tree species, increase the proportion of fast-growing and slow growing tree species, improve the allocation level of urban green plants, and improve the diversity of landscape plant landscape.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S688

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