建筑现象学视角下的博览建筑空间体验研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 08:32

【摘要】：经济的迅速发展使人们对精神文化的诉求日益强烈,也促进了文化建筑的发展。博览建筑作为历史文化的载体,是城市中最重要的文化交流活动场所之一。关于博览建筑设计也已经有各个方面的理论及实践研究,受到各种思潮和流派的影响。虽然博览建筑已经完全实现了对公众开放,但公众作为参观者,始终成为建筑师设计过程中考虑的次要元素。博览建筑的设计实践活动经历过多次反思,已经比较注意与历史和城市肌理相呼应,也在结构选型和外形设计方面有了很大程度的突破。但是设计人员往往过于强调视觉而压抑其他感觉,致使博览建筑空间中与参观者的感知体验紧密相关的各要素,如材质、光影、细部、声音、景观渗透等,仍然没引起足够重视。如何建立参观者和博览建筑及其场地之间的关系,引发参观者的情感共鸣,应该成为博览建筑设计中亟待反思的问题。建筑现象学出现得比较晚,发展的时间并不长,但它为人们提供了一个观察建筑的新的态度和视角。本文分别从建筑现象学的场所理论和知觉理论出发,分别探讨如何建立博览建筑场地、空间和参观者的关系,并通过对建筑空间各现象学相关要素的精心处理,在参观者的知觉体验中,将博览建筑自身意义,即本质,呈现给参观者。本文首先概述了现象学的起源发展及现象学和建筑学的师承关系；然后从场所理论和知觉体验两方面,分析了建筑现象学对博览建筑设计的指导意义。具体到实践应用方面,基于建筑现象学思想的指导,分别从博览建筑的创作思想、形体、空间等方面分析了影响参观者空间体验的易被忽略的设计要素；并选取了重点案例进行分析,阐明如何通过博览建筑空间各要素的具体处理,来实现一种“纠结的体验”。在所有艺术形式中,建筑最能够同时唤醒人的所有知觉,博览建筑空间也只有在感知体验中才是完整的。要在博览建筑中塑造一种真实的体验,建筑师必须采用能够使参观者停留并主动去观察的建筑形式。博览建筑的空间体验需要参观者的积极参与,也需要建筑及其场所去激发这种参与。本文通过这些具体到手法的探究分析,希图建筑设计人员在今后的博览建筑设计实践中,能更好地营造可以触动参观者记忆和情感共鸣的体验场所,从而实现博览建筑自身意义的不言自明。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy makes people's demand for spiritual culture increasingly strong, and also promotes the development of cultural architecture. As a carrier of history and culture, Expo building is one of the most important cultural exchange activities in the city. There have been many theoretical and practical studies on Expo architectural design, which are influenced by various trends of thought and schools of thought. Although the Expo has been fully open to the public, as a visitor, has always been a minor element in the architect's design process. The design practice of expo architecture has experienced many reflections, has paid more attention to the history and the city texture, and has also made a great breakthrough in structural selection and shape design. However, designers tend to place too much emphasis on vision and suppress other feelings, resulting in elements closely related to the visitors' perceptual experience in the architectural space of the Expo, such as material, light and shadow, detail, sound, landscape penetration, etc. Still not getting enough attention. How to establish the relationship between the visitors and the expo building and its site and arouse the emotional resonance of the visitors should be an urgent problem to be reflected in the architectural design of the Expo. The phenomenology of architecture appeared late and did not develop for a long time, but it provided a new attitude and perspective for people to observe architecture. Based on the phenomenological theory of architecture and the theory of perception, this paper discusses how to establish the relationship between the exhibition site, space and visitors, and through the careful treatment of the relevant elements of the phenomenology of architectural space. In the perceptual experience of the visitors, the significance of the expo architecture, that is, the essence, is presented to the visitors. This paper first summarizes the origin and development of phenomenology and the relationship between phenomenology and architecture, and then analyzes the guiding significance of phenomenology to architectural design from two aspects: place theory and perceptual experience. On the aspect of practical application, based on the guidance of architectural phenomenology, this paper analyzes the neglected design elements that affect visitors' spatial experience from the aspects of creation thought, form and space of the expo. And selected key cases to analyze, expound how to realize a kind of "entangled experience" through the concrete treatment of various elements of architectural space. In all art forms, architecture can awaken all human perception at the same time, and the expo architectural space is complete only in the perceptual experience. In order to create a real experience in the Expo, the architect must adopt a form of architecture that allows visitors to stay and actively observe. The space experience of expo architecture requires the active participation of visitors, as well as the building and its place to stimulate this participation. This article through these concrete to the technique inquiry analysis, hoped that the architectural designer in the future expo architectural design practice, can better create can touch the visitor memory and the emotion resonance experience place, Thus realizing the self-evident meaning of the expo architecture itself.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU242.5

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