西班牙高中《地理》教材特色分析及其对我国教材编写的启示

发布时间：2018-07-17 02:28

【摘要】：地理教材沟通着教师的“教”和学生的“学”,是师生之间完成学习的重要桥梁。地理教材是教师完成教学设计和教授工作的重要参考材料,也是学生完成学习任务和做好复习的重要工具。本文以西班牙高中地理教材《地理》为研究对象,着重分析教材的体系结构的特色、图像系统的特色、活动系统的特色以及对我国高中地理教材编写的启示。西班牙《地理》教材章节体系分为模块(篇)、单元(章)、目,模块设置明确,目录设置清晰;教材栏目设置多样,满足学生不同的发展需求。西班牙《地理》教材的体系结构对我国地理教材编写的启示有:丰富单元小标题和增加栏目多样性。目录反映的是教材的主要内容,清晰多样的目录使学生和教师更明确教材内容;标题起到总概内容的作用,会使教师和学生更加思绪清晰;适当增加栏目种类可以提高教材的丰富性,更有利于调动学生的兴趣,使其不至于产生乏味感,相反,单调重复的教材栏目会使学生丧失新奇感,降低其对内容甚至是对地理学科的的学习兴趣。其次,对西班牙《地理》教材的图像系统进行分析,发现该教材图像数量较多且类型多样——地图、地理景观图、地理统计图、地理示意图、地理遥感和卫星图等,图像分辨率较高,图像与课文内容也紧密结合。图像系统重视对学生地图技能的培养,给我国地理教材编写的启示是:提高图像的清晰度和丰富图像类型。西班牙活动系统占有很大的重量,包括“活动”栏目、“技术工作”栏目、“为高考准备”栏目等,活动数量较多,给我国地理教材编写的启示是:适量增加活动数量和完善活动类型,培养学生灵活运用各种图表的能力。
[Abstract]:Geography textbook communicates teachers' teaching and students' learning, and it is an important bridge between teachers and students to complete their learning. Geography textbook is not only an important reference material for teachers to complete teaching design and teaching work, but also an important tool for students to complete their study tasks and review. This paper focuses on the characteristics of the system structure, image system, activity system and the enlightenment to the compilation of geography textbook in senior high school in Spain. The chapter system of Spanish Geography textbook can be divided into three parts: module (chapter), unit (chapter), item, module setting and directory setting clearly, and the teaching material column is varied to meet the different development needs of students. The system structure of Spanish Geography textbook has some enlightenments on the compilation of geography textbooks in China: enriching unit subtitles and increasing the diversity of columns. The catalogues reflect the main contents of the teaching materials, and the clear and varied catalogues make the students and teachers more clear about the contents of the textbooks, and the titles play the role of the general contents, which will make the teachers and students more clear of their thoughts. A proper increase in the variety of columns can enhance the richness of the teaching materials and help students to arouse their interest so that they do not have a sense of boredom. On the contrary, monotonous and repetitive columns of teaching materials will make students lose their novelty. Reduce their interest in content and even geography. Secondly, by analyzing the image system of Spain's Geography textbook, it is found that the textbook has a large number of images and various types-maps, geographical landscape maps, geographical statistical maps, geographical schematic maps, geographical remote sensing and satellite maps, etc. Image resolution is high, image and text content is closely combined. Image system attaches importance to the cultivation of students' map skills, and the inspiration to the compilation of geography textbooks in China is to improve the clarity of images and enrich the types of images. The Spanish activity system occupies a great deal of weight, including "activity" column, "Technical work" column, "preparation for the College entrance examination" column, etc. The enlightenment to the compilation of geography textbooks in China is to increase the number of activities and improve the types of activities in order to cultivate the students' ability to use all kinds of charts flexibly.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.55

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