基于栽培实验的北京鲜花港郁金香展区改造研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 11:56

【摘要】：北京鲜花港投资发展中心自2010年以来,每年都举行郁金香花展,近年来一直是北京地区规模最大的郁金香花展地。目前存在的主要问题是每年进口大量种球布展而种球退化严重,因此花展成本很高。此外,每年郁金香花展景观趋同,景观质量也需要提升。如何在提升花展景观的前提下,实现部分子球的再利用,节约花展成本是亟待解决的问题。本文通过调查北京市郁金香花展景观,在研究公众对常见类型郁金香景观的审美倾向的基础上,研究花展中不同种植设计对郁金香生长开花及种球更新的影响。通过研究子代球与母球的生长开花表现差异以及不同栽培措施对子球开花的影响,探讨郁金香子球在花展中应用的可行性。在景观评价分析和栽培试验基础上,提出了北京鲜花港郁金香花展的种植设计建议及主要布展区布展环境的局部改造方案。研究结果如下：(1)应用BIB-LCJ法评价结果表明,公众普遍对以郁金香为景观主体、景观层次多、色彩搭配丰富和谐或简洁大气、临近水体的景观评价较高。各群体间存在一定的审美差异,花展中需构建多样化花展景观以满足不同人群的审美需求。(2)不同类型人工群落下栽种郁金香,对其生长、开花、种球更新都有影响。在‘落叶林+地被’和‘落叶林’下栽种布置种球,植株生长势强健,开花品质高,景观效果好,且利于子球生长。(3)采用混植的间作试验表明,白三叶草与郁金香混植,不影响其观赏价值,利于其种球更新；小麦与郁金香间作,对多数品种郁金香生长开花及种球更新的影响不显著。(4)大多数品种子球生长开花较母球差,但是‘金色检阅’等部分品种子球开花效果能满足布展要求；基质栽培(草炭：河沙=3：1和草炭：河沙：园土=2：1：1)可提高子球生长开花质量,母球和子球两代皆采用基质栽培,则子球开花质量提高更明显；不同浓度GA3处理对子球生长开花均有一定促进作用,各品种适宜施用浓度不同,‘杏色印象’为400mg/L,‘粉色印象’、‘金色检阅’为600mg/L。(5)结合景观评价和栽培试验结果,北京鲜花港郁金香布展区可适当增加一些落叶乔木群落,并采用与白三叶草混植的手法,提供利于子球良好生长的环境,在一些区域用基质栽培子球,改善子球应用效果,从这两方面节约花展成本,同时构建不同群落可营造多样化花展景观,提高景观效果。本研究针对郁金香花展景观趋同、花展中郁金香种球退化严重导致花展成本高的问题开展研究。应用BIB-LCJ法对郁金香景观作出评价,明确了不同人工群落类型和栽培措施对郁金香生长、开花及种球更新的影响,据此提出了北京鲜花港郁金香花展的种植设计建议及主要布展区布展环境的局部改造方案。该研究对于各地举办郁金香花展具有重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, the Beijing Flower Port Investment and Development Center has held Tulip Show every year. In recent years, it has been the largest tulip exhibition in Beijing. At present, the main problem is that a large number of seed balls are imported every year and the seed balls degenerate seriously, so the cost of flower exhibition is very high. In addition, the annual tulip flower show landscape convergence, landscape quality also needs to be improved. On the premise of improving the landscape of flower exhibition, how to realize the reuse of some sub-spheres and save the cost of flower exhibition is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the investigation of the landscape of the tulip flower exhibition in Beijing and the aesthetic tendency of the public towards the common type of tulip landscape, the effects of different planting designs on the growth and flowering of tulip and the regeneration of the tulip ball were studied in this paper. In order to explore the feasibility of the application of tulip ball in flower exhibition, the difference of growth and flowering performance between progeny ball and female ball and the effect of different cultivation measures on the flowering of tulip ball were studied. On the basis of landscape evaluation analysis and cultivation experiment, the planting design suggestion of Tulip flower exhibition in Beijing Flower Port and the local reconstruction scheme of the distribution environment in main exhibition area were put forward. The results are as follows: (1) the results of BIB-LCJ method show that tulips are the main body of the landscape, there are many levels of landscape, color collocation is rich, harmonious or concise atmosphere, and the nearby water body has a higher evaluation of the landscape. There are some aesthetic differences among different groups. In order to meet the aesthetic needs of different populations, the variety of flower exhibition landscape should be constructed. (2) tulips planted under different artificial communities have an effect on their growth, flowering and ball regeneration. Under 'deciduous forest cover' and 'deciduous forest' planting, plant growth is strong, flowering quality is high, landscape effect is good, and it is beneficial to the growth of subsphere. (3) the intercropping experiment of mixed planting shows that white clover is mixed with tulip. The effect of wheat and tulip intercropping on tulip growth and flowering and seed ball regeneration was not significant. (4) the growth and flowering of most cultivars were worse than that of female bulb. However, the flowering effect of some varieties such as' Golden Review 'could meet the requirements of the exhibition, and substrate cultivation (peat: hesha 3: 1 and peat: sand: garden soil 2: 1: 1) could improve the growth and flowering quality of the seed ball. When both mother and seed balls were cultivated by substrate, the quality of flowering was improved more obviously, and different concentrations of GA _ 3 could promote the growth and flowering of seed balls, and the suitable concentration of GA _ 3 was different. 'apricot color impression' is 400 mg / L 'pink impression' and 'gold review' is 600 mg / L. (5) combined with landscape evaluation and cultivation test results, some deciduous tree communities can be appropriately increased in Beijing Huagang Tulip planting area, and mixed with white clover. To provide a favorable environment for the growth of subspheres, to cultivate the subballs in some areas, to improve the application effect of the subballs, to save the cost of flower exhibition from these two aspects, and to construct different communities can create a variety of flower exhibition landscape and improve the landscape effect. In this study, the landscape convergence of tulip flower exhibition, the tulip seed ball degradation caused by the high cost of the flower show. Using BIB-LCJ method to evaluate tulip landscape, the effects of different artificial community types and cultivation measures on tulip growth, flowering and ball regeneration were determined. Based on this, the planting design suggestion of Tulip flower exhibition in Beijing Flower Port and the partial reconstruction scheme of the distribution environment in the main exhibition area are put forward. This research has important guiding significance for holding tulip flower exhibition in various places.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S682.263

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