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宁夏中卫市城市森林公园植物规划设计研究

发布时间:2018-08-02 20:20
【摘要】:森林被被誉为“地球之肺”,与湿地,海洋并称为为全球三大生态系统,孕育和丰富了全球的生物多样性,据“全球森林监察(Global Forest Watch)”地图显示,目前我国森林覆盖率远远低于世界平均水平,我国经过了“退耕还林”政策的几个发展阶段,森林覆盖率得到了提高,也积累了成熟的人工林营造的技术和经验,但随着人们生活质量的提高,对于森林的心理需求也需要得到重视和满足,因此建设交通便捷、生态环境适宜的城市森林公园成为当今世界城市文明建设的一大主题。城市是一个兼具复杂性和多样性的巨系统,城市森林公园生物物种的丰富多样性为优化城市生态空间提供了基础,城市环境的改善将促进城市这个巨系统自我修复与更新的能力。我国城市森林公园建设起步时间较晚,城市森林公园植物景观规划设计的理论更是处于探索阶段,并且在技术方法的探索上还不够深入,城市森林公园建设是否成功,植物景观的营造起了至关重要的作用,因此开展该方面理论的研究是十分必要和有意义的。本文首先通过查阅大量的国内外相关文献,从森林的定义引申出森林景观的涵义、以人作为主体,根据其对森林景观的不同需求进行划分,并对城市森林公园、森林植物进行了详细的阐述。结合国内外城市森林公园的案例分析,归纳了城市森林公园在植物景观规划设计中取得的一些成功经验和找出了存在的主要问题。其次通过对城市森林公园植物规划设计理论研究,以目前国内建成的城市森林公园为例,对城市森林建设的思想理论、科学方法进行总结。在理论研究的基础上,从宁夏地区森林群落的类型、林木种植资源以及城市绿地现状等方面进行调查分析,总结宁夏地区乡土植物资源及植物群落的类型,筛选适合森林公园建设的物种,提出了森林植物群落规划模式、树种比例规划等具体可行的规划内容,同时设计了益生型的森林植物景观规划模式和湿地景观规划模式来保护和吸引动物增加动物的多样性。最后结合中卫市城市森林公园植物规划设计实例,从城市整体定位、城市空间合理布局、城市生态资源合理利用等方面制定合理的规划设计指导思想以及规划目标;提出分圈层、分线性、分点等设计理论,从多层次、全方位,建立空间立体的植物规划结构模式,通过本文研究探讨出适宜宁夏平原地区城市森林公园植物规划设计的理论体系和系统性植物配置方法,为随后宁夏各区各市县(区)启动森林公园的建设提供植物规划设计方面的依据和理论支持。
[Abstract]:Forests are known as "lungs of the Earth", along with wetlands and oceans, which are known as the three major ecosystems around the world, gestating and enriching global biodiversity, according to the map of Global Forest Watch (Global Forest Watch). At present, the forest coverage in our country is far below the world average. After several stages of development of the policy of "returning farmland to forests", the forest coverage has been improved, and the technology and experience of mature artificial forest cultivation have also been accumulated. However, with the improvement of people's quality of life, the psychological needs of the forest also need to be paid attention to and satisfied. Therefore, the construction of urban forest park with convenient transportation and suitable ecological environment has become a major theme of urban civilization construction in the world today. City is a huge system with both complexity and diversity. The rich diversity of biological species in urban forest parks provides the basis for optimizing urban ecological space. The improvement of urban environment will promote the ability of self-repair and renewal of this giant system. The construction of urban forest parks in China started late, the theory of plant landscape planning and design of urban forest parks is in the exploration stage, and the exploration of technical methods is not deep enough, whether the construction of urban forest parks is successful or not. The construction of plant landscape plays an important role, so it is necessary and meaningful to study the theory. First of all, through consulting a large number of domestic and foreign related literature, this paper derives the meaning of forest landscape from the definition of forest, taking people as the main body, according to the different needs of forest landscape, and classifying the urban forest park. Forest plants are described in detail. Based on the case study of urban forest parks at home and abroad, this paper sums up some successful experiences in plant landscape planning and design of urban forest parks and finds out the main problems. Secondly, by studying the theory of plant planning and design of urban forest park, taking the urban forest park built at present as an example, this paper summarizes the thought theory and scientific method of urban forest construction. On the basis of theoretical research, the types of forest communities, forest planting resources and urban green space in Ningxia are investigated and analyzed, and the types of native plant resources and plant communities in Ningxia are summarized. The species suitable for forest park construction were selected, and the specific and feasible planning contents such as forest plant community planning model, tree species proportion planning and so on were put forward. At the same time, the prebiotic forest plant landscape planning model and wetland landscape planning model were designed to protect and attract animals to increase animal diversity. Finally, with the example of plant planning and design of Zhongwei City Forest Park, this paper makes a reasonable planning and design guiding ideology and planning objectives from the aspects of the overall positioning of the city, the rational layout of urban space, the rational utilization of urban ecological resources, and so on. The paper puts forward the design theory of stratification, linearity and point, and sets up the spatial and three-dimensional plant planning structure model from the multi-level, omnidirectional, and so on. Through the study of this paper, the theoretical system and systematic plant allocation method for the plant planning and design of urban forest park in Ningxia plain area are discussed. It provides the basis and theoretical support of plant planning and design for starting the construction of forest park in all cities and counties of Ningxia.
【学位授予单位】:西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:TU986.52

【参考文献】

相关期刊论文 前1条

1 艾亮杓;张贵;;森林公园森林景观美学基本理论探究[J];现代农业科技;2011年09期



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