基于网络分析法的吉林越北镇绿地生态网络构建研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 18:26

【摘要】：随着快速城镇化发展,严重的环境问题逐渐涌进了人们的生活也影响着城市的健康发展,对绿地系统建设的要求越来越受到大家的关注,并逐渐成为了减轻城市环境问题的主要方式,构建合理的、连贯的城市绿地生态网络系统能有效缓解城市环境压力问题,对保证城市的生态功能起到了重要的作用。本文以吉林市越北镇示范区为研究对象,结合现状绿地资源特征,通过总结国内外构建绿地生态网络的研究理论和方法,探讨适宜越北镇示范区绿地生态网络构建的方法和过程,并选取能够评价绿地生态网络的要素进行网络综合评价,目的是构建出最适宜规划区建设的绿地生态网络形式。论文以地理信息系统GIS分析的规划区生态适宜性叠加图和ENVI4.0软件提取的越北镇示范区现状生态绿地为基础,以图论理论和网络理论构建得到的两种网络形式作为比选对象,通过网络分析法ANP模型的构建确定绿地生态网络评价要素权重,进而实现不同绿地网络方案比选并深化,最后达到选取综合效益最优化绿地生态网络的目的。首先因地制宜选取评价越北镇示范区生态敏感性因子,通过地理信息系统GIS对各单因子分析生态适宜性后叠加生成整体规划区生态敏感性图,以此决定生态敏感待保护和适宜建设区域以指导绿地斑块保留；其次以越北镇示范区现状条件为基础,运用ENVI4.0软件对遥感卫星图片识别现状土地利用,尤其是生态用地,作为待保留绿地资源,与生态敏感性分析图综合考虑识别一定规模和数量的待保留斑块作为生态节点；然后以此为基础采用不同类型网络构建模式连接绿地生态节点,构建分枝状和环状两种基本网络模式的四个网络,进而对其廊道结构指数和网络结构α、β、γ指数综合比较得到合理网络模式大致结果；最后依据对筛选的绿地生态网络评价要素进行网络分析法ANP模型计算得到的各要素所占权重仔细评价得到最佳的网络形态,以此为基础提出廊道路径优化概念,并结合吉林市自然气候等特征,对不同用地类型从植被选择模式角度提升景观生态效益,规划得到完整而适宜的城市绿地生态网络系统。通过绿地生态敏感性分析、廊道网络结构指数对比分析和网络分析法综合比选可以科学而定量地评价城市绿地生态网络优劣,筛选优势绿地生态网络方案,为绿地生态网络规划与管理提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, serious environmental problems have gradually poured into people's lives and affected the healthy development of the city. And has gradually become the main way to alleviate the urban environmental problems, the construction of a reasonable, coherent urban green space ecological network system can effectively alleviate the urban environmental pressure, and play an important role in ensuring the ecological function of the city. This paper takes the demonstration area of Yuebei Town of Jilin City as the research object, combining with the characteristics of green space resources, summarizes the research theory and method of constructing green space ecological network at home and abroad. This paper discusses the method and process of constructing green space ecological network in the demonstration area of Yuebei Town, and selects the elements that can evaluate the green space ecological network to carry on the network comprehensive evaluation, the purpose is to construct the green space ecological network form which is most suitable for the planning area construction. Based on the ecological suitability superposition map of the planning area analyzed by GIS and the ecological green space of the demonstration area of Yuebei Town extracted by ENVI4.0 software, the paper takes the graph theory and the network theory to construct the two network forms as the objects of comparison. Through the construction of the ANP model of network analysis, the weight of the evaluation elements of green space ecological network is determined, and then different green space network schemes are compared and deepened. Finally, the purpose of optimizing green space ecological network with comprehensive benefit is achieved. Firstly, the ecological sensitivity factors are selected to evaluate the demonstration area of Yuebei Town according to the local conditions, and the ecological sensitivity map of the whole planning area is generated by GIS after analyzing the ecological suitability of each single factor. In order to determine the ecological sensitive to be protected and suitable for construction areas to guide the green patch retention; secondly, based on the current conditions of the demonstration area of Yuebei Town, using ENVI4.0 software to identify the current land use, especially the ecological land use of remote sensing satellite images. As green space resources to be preserved, and ecological sensitivity analysis map to consider the identification of a certain size and number of patches to be retained as ecological nodes, and then use different types of networks to build a model to connect green ecological nodes. Four networks with two basic network modes, branched and annular, are constructed, and the reasonable network model is obtained by synthesizing the corridor structure index and the 伪, 尾, 纬 index of network structure. Finally, according to the weight of each factor calculated by network analysis ANP model, the best network form is obtained, and the concept of corridor path optimization is put forward. According to the characteristics of natural climate in Jilin city, the ecological benefit of landscape was improved from the view of vegetation selection model for different land types, and the complete and suitable urban green space ecological network system was obtained. Through the ecological sensitivity analysis of green space, the comparative analysis of corridor network structure index and the comprehensive selection of network analysis, we can scientifically and quantitatively evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of urban green space ecological network, and screen the superior green space ecological network scheme. It provides scientific basis for planning and management of green ecological network.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU985.12

【相似文献】