健康导向下的住区慢行系统评价指标体系研究
发布时间：2018-09-19 20:18
【摘要】：工业化和城市化带来了经济的提升,也带来了环境的恶化。公众健康不断遭受威胁,民众苦不堪言。80年代健康城市运动的兴起,改变了人们对传统健康观念的认知,人们意识到健康问题不局限于医疗卫生领域,更多的受到周围物质环境和社会环境的影响,而这些环境影响要素才是威胁公众健康的根源。城市建成环境的健康与公众健康息息相关,只有营造健康城市环境,引导公众健康行为,才能有效提升公众健康水平,从根本上解决工业化和城市化带来的社会阵痛。随着我国汽车保有量的攀升,人车路权分配不公问题凸显,然而慢行系统建设滞后,快速交通与慢行交通发展的不平衡严重阻碍了健康城市发展。为了解决城市交通和由此产生的环境污染问题,构建高品质城市生活,提高公众健康水平,在健康城市、低碳交通的引导下,慢行系统建设在我国各地逐步推广。目前在我国慢行系统规划建设和实施管理方面,针对慢行系统综合评价的研究较少,尤其是对慢行系统环境健康性的评价,尚缺乏由理论上升至可操作层面的途径。因此,慢行系统综合评价亟待研究。本文首先介绍了健康、健康城市、慢行系统概念及其特征,阐述了构建健康导向下的住区慢行系统评价指标体系的意义,分析了国内外健康城市、慢行系统理论发展概况,归纳总结出相关规划策略、实践方法、评价指标等内容。在此基础上,着重分析了住区慢行系统的健康影响要素,并根据人们对慢行系统物质健康要素和精神健康要素的需求,归纳出健康导向下的住区慢行系统评价指标体系的评价内容,主要由慢行交通环境、慢行设施环境、慢行景观环境、慢行安全性环境、慢行舒适性环境和慢行交往性环境等六方面构成,为构建评价指标体系提供夯实的理论基础。其次,本文介绍了评价指标体系的功能与原则,并通过对评价方法的研究分析,确立了该评价指标体系采用以层次分析法为基础的评价方法,并据此方法总结出了评价指标体系构建的流程;通过评价指标的选取、筛选与修正,确定最终评价指标,构建了评价体系的递阶层次结构。根据评价准则对各评价指标进行细化与量化,提出评价标准;运用层次分析法对各指标进行科学的权重分配,并给出综合评分方法与分级标准,最终完成整个评价指标体系的构建。最后,运用健康导向下的住区慢行系统评价指标体系,对武汉万科城市花园的慢行系统健康性进行评价,以此验证该评价指标体系的可行性和可操作性,并据此对慢行系统现存问题进行分析和总结。
[Abstract]:Industrialization and urbanization have brought about the improvement of the economy and the deterioration of the environment. Public health is under constant threat, and the rise of the healthy city movement in the 1980s has changed people's perception of traditional health concepts, and people have realized that health problems are not confined to the field of medical and health care. More affected by the surrounding material environment and social environment, and these environmental factors are the source of threat to public health. The health of the urban built environment is closely related to the public health. Only by creating a healthy urban environment and guiding the public health behavior can the public health level be effectively promoted and the social pain caused by industrialization and urbanization can be fundamentally solved. With the increase of the number of cars in China, the unfair distribution of the rights of people and cars is becoming more and more serious. However, the construction of slow moving system lags behind, and the imbalance between rapid and slow traffic seriously hinders the development of healthy cities. In order to solve the problem of urban traffic and the environmental pollution caused by it, to construct high quality city life and improve public health level, under the guidance of healthy city and low carbon transportation, the construction of slow moving system has been gradually popularized in all parts of our country. At present, in the aspect of planning, construction and implementation management of slow-moving system, there are few researches on comprehensive evaluation of slow-moving system, especially the evaluation of environmental health of slow-moving system, which lacks the way from theory to operational level. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation of slow moving system needs to be studied. This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of health, healthy city and slow moving system, expounds the significance of constructing the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health, and analyzes the general situation of the development of the theory of slow moving system in healthy cities at home and abroad. Summed up the relevant planning strategies, practice methods, evaluation indicators and other content. On the basis of this, the paper emphatically analyzes the health influence factors of slow moving system in residential area, and according to people's demand for material and mental health elements of slow moving system, The evaluation contents of the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health are summarized, which are mainly composed of slow traffic environment, slow facility environment, slow landscape environment, slow safety environment, The six aspects of slow comfortable environment and slow moving communication environment provide a solid theoretical basis for the construction of evaluation index system. Secondly, this paper introduces the function and principle of the evaluation index system, and through the research and analysis of the evaluation method, establishes that the evaluation index system adopts the evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). According to this method, the process of constructing the evaluation index system is summarized, and the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system is constructed by selecting, selecting and revising the evaluation index, determining the final evaluation index and constructing the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system. According to the evaluation criterion, the evaluation index is refined and quantified, the evaluation standard is put forward, the weight distribution of each index is carried out scientifically by using AHP, and the comprehensive scoring method and grading standard are given. Finally, the construction of the whole evaluation index system is completed. Finally, the evaluation index system of slow moving system is used to evaluate the health of the slow moving system in Wuhan Vanke City Garden, so as to verify the feasibility and maneuverability of the evaluation index system. Based on this, the existing problems of slow moving system are analyzed and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.12
本文编号：2251223
[Abstract]:Industrialization and urbanization have brought about the improvement of the economy and the deterioration of the environment. Public health is under constant threat, and the rise of the healthy city movement in the 1980s has changed people's perception of traditional health concepts, and people have realized that health problems are not confined to the field of medical and health care. More affected by the surrounding material environment and social environment, and these environmental factors are the source of threat to public health. The health of the urban built environment is closely related to the public health. Only by creating a healthy urban environment and guiding the public health behavior can the public health level be effectively promoted and the social pain caused by industrialization and urbanization can be fundamentally solved. With the increase of the number of cars in China, the unfair distribution of the rights of people and cars is becoming more and more serious. However, the construction of slow moving system lags behind, and the imbalance between rapid and slow traffic seriously hinders the development of healthy cities. In order to solve the problem of urban traffic and the environmental pollution caused by it, to construct high quality city life and improve public health level, under the guidance of healthy city and low carbon transportation, the construction of slow moving system has been gradually popularized in all parts of our country. At present, in the aspect of planning, construction and implementation management of slow-moving system, there are few researches on comprehensive evaluation of slow-moving system, especially the evaluation of environmental health of slow-moving system, which lacks the way from theory to operational level. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation of slow moving system needs to be studied. This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of health, healthy city and slow moving system, expounds the significance of constructing the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health, and analyzes the general situation of the development of the theory of slow moving system in healthy cities at home and abroad. Summed up the relevant planning strategies, practice methods, evaluation indicators and other content. On the basis of this, the paper emphatically analyzes the health influence factors of slow moving system in residential area, and according to people's demand for material and mental health elements of slow moving system, The evaluation contents of the evaluation index system of slow moving system in residential area under the guidance of health are summarized, which are mainly composed of slow traffic environment, slow facility environment, slow landscape environment, slow safety environment, The six aspects of slow comfortable environment and slow moving communication environment provide a solid theoretical basis for the construction of evaluation index system. Secondly, this paper introduces the function and principle of the evaluation index system, and through the research and analysis of the evaluation method, establishes that the evaluation index system adopts the evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). According to this method, the process of constructing the evaluation index system is summarized, and the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system is constructed by selecting, selecting and revising the evaluation index, determining the final evaluation index and constructing the hierarchical structure of the evaluation system. According to the evaluation criterion, the evaluation index is refined and quantified, the evaluation standard is put forward, the weight distribution of each index is carried out scientifically by using AHP, and the comprehensive scoring method and grading standard are given. Finally, the construction of the whole evaluation index system is completed. Finally, the evaluation index system of slow moving system is used to evaluate the health of the slow moving system in Wuhan Vanke City Garden, so as to verify the feasibility and maneuverability of the evaluation index system. Based on this, the existing problems of slow moving system are analyzed and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.12
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