中国“实验性景观”及其对当代景观发展的启示研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 09:15

【摘要】：中国当代景观目前正处于多元化快速发展期。然而挑战与机遇共存,在其发展中凸显了一些本土与外来文化冲突、传统与现代语境不合、景观同质化等问题,造成城市风貌特色缺失、文化传承失落断裂等现象,削弱了当代景观发展的内生推力,已阻碍了景观学科进步以及和谐人居环境的创造。“实验性景观”受“实验性建筑”概念影响而借用演变而来,本质上是建立在当代情境下的景观“改良运动”,是对具有实验性的一类本质相通的、对解决当前学科发展中遇到的问题与困境有益的、可推动学科发展和人居环境提升的理论与实践的统称,是具有本土意义和现实意义的探索;其中“实验性”为以批判性为本质特征且包含先进性、先锋性、开放性、不确定性等多重含义的品质。近年来,实验性景观已成为具有一定学界、社会影响力的现象,具有相对完整的内涵和蓬勃的生命力。关注实验性景观现象,对理论及作品具有实验性特征的典型设计师进行阐述分析,以形成对该现象较为全面辩证的探讨。对实验性景观的认知并非研究的全部价值,更重要的意义在于在实验性视角下尝试对当代景观学科理论、行业实践、教育观念与模式的多方面提出启发与建议,促进学科产生立足本土的批判讨论和反思自省,以最终促进学科发展进步。基于上述背景,按照“实践—理论—实践”的研究策略,由实践中总结问题,经过理论支持下的策略生成再融合运用到下一步的实践之中,这也是实验性景观辩证批判发展进程的三个阶段。从对当代景观发展现状问题的批判性反思入手,归纳学科与行业内亟待改进的问题,以典型问题对应的关注方向为引导,又对实验性景观按由现象到本质的顺序进行探究,讨论其背景和评价标准,归纳其特征与精神,分析其代表理论与实践,理解其现实局限和问题,在得出对实验性景观较为立体客观认识的基础上论述该现象与当代景观发展进程的内在联系,寻求对当代景观发展有启发价值的思维方式和具体应对策略。对实验性景观的研究只是途径而非最终目的,在肯定了实验性景观对当代景观发展的促进和推动作用的基础上,于探索问题改善策略和学科教育两大方面分别提出了启发性建议,对以何种心态应对挑战、如何将实验性理念运用到实践之中等问题予以思考,同时实验性景观中始终强调的批判性与先进性将从深层和宏观方面促进与推动更多科学、前瞻观点的产生和成长,有助于人居环境的提升,符合景观学科与行业发展进步的长远利益。
[Abstract]:China's contemporary landscape is currently in a period of rapid and diversified development. However, the coexistence of challenges and opportunities highlights some problems in its development, such as the conflict between local and foreign cultures, the incompatibility between traditional and modern contexts, the homogeneity of landscape, and so on, resulting in the loss of urban features and the loss of cultural heritage. It weakens the endogenous thrust of contemporary landscape development, and hinders the progress of landscape discipline and the creation of harmonious living environment. The "experimental landscape" evolved by the concept of "experimental architecture" is essentially a landscape "improvement movement" based on the contemporary context, which is related to a kind of experimental nature. It is beneficial to solve the problems and difficulties encountered in the development of the current discipline, to promote the development of the discipline and the promotion of the human settlement environment. It is also an exploration of local and practical significance. Among them, "experiment" is characterized by criticality and contains many meanings, such as progressiveness, vanguard, openness, uncertainty and so on. In recent years, experimental landscape has become a phenomenon with certain academic and social influence, with relatively complete connotation and vigorous vitality. This paper focuses on the experimental landscape phenomenon, expounds and analyzes the typical designers with experimental characteristics of the theory and works, in order to form a more comprehensive dialectical discussion of the phenomenon. The cognition of experimental landscape is not the whole value of the research. The more important meaning is to try to enlighten and suggest the contemporary landscape theory, industry practice, educational concept and mode from the experimental perspective. In order to promote the development and progress of discipline, we should promote the development of discipline through critical discussion and introspection. Based on the above background, according to the research strategy of "practice-theory-practice", the problem is summed up in practice, and the strategy generation and fusion supported by theory is applied to the next step of practice. This is also the three stages of the development process of experimental landscape dialectical criticism. Starting with the critical reflection on the current situation of contemporary landscape development, this paper sums up the problems that need to be improved in the discipline and industry, and explores the experimental landscape in the order of phenomenon to essence, guided by the attention direction corresponding to typical problems. Discussing its background and evaluation criteria, summarizing its characteristics and spirit, analyzing its representative theory and practice, understanding its practical limitations and problems, Based on the objective understanding of experimental landscape, this paper discusses the internal relationship between this phenomenon and the development process of contemporary landscape, and seeks for the thinking mode and concrete countermeasures that have enlightening value to the development of contemporary landscape. The study of experimental landscape is only a way, not a final goal, and on the basis of affirming the role of experimental landscape in promoting and promoting the development of contemporary landscape, Some enlightening suggestions are put forward in the two aspects of exploring problem improvement strategy and subject education, and how to deal with the challenge with the mentality and how to apply the experimental idea to practice are considered. At the same time, the critical and advanced nature that has always been emphasized in the experimental landscape will promote and promote more science from the deep and macroscopic aspects, and the generation and growth of the forward-looking viewpoint will contribute to the upgrading of the human settlements environment. In line with landscape discipline and industry development and progress of the long-term interest.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986

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