观赏竹的耐寒性研究及园林应用

发布时间：2019-06-17 15:44

【摘要】：本论文基于现代园林中观赏竹景观的设计、施工及后期养护管理中出现的不足,从竹种耐寒性、园林造园技术、观赏竹造景、中国竹文化以及其园林应用四方面进行研究,为观赏竹的园林应用提供参考。为便于在园林设计中更好地选择观赏竹种,对园林上常用的53种观赏竹电导率法检测耐寒性,得耐寒性由强到弱如下:地被类竹:鸡毛竹≈倭竹白纹阴阳竹≈白缟椎谷{9≈黄条金刚竹翠竹菲黄竹≈菲白竹铺地竹;小灌木状竹:辣韭矢竹≈大明竹≈美丽箬竹摆竹≈短穗竹阔叶箬竹≈托竹长叶苦竹凤尾竹;低小型竹:金镶玉竹紫竹≈金丝毛竹矢竹≈罗汉竹黄秆京竹金竹≈四季竹≈金明竹方竹≈花叶唐竹;中型竹:斑竹黄纹竹桂竹黄秆乌哺鸡竹≈黄槽刚竹≈高节竹≈早竹花杆早竹黄槽雷竹≈红竹≈龟甲竹≈刚竹≈花杆红竹≈茶秆竹黄甜竹大黄苦竹唐竹孝顺竹≈花孝顺竹;高型竹:毛竹≈花毛竹绿槽毛竹≈黄槽毛竹橄榄竹。鉴于园林中观赏竹景观后期养护管理措施,分别检测低温时间、水分胁迫对观赏竹耐寒性的影响,得如下结论:(1)在对观赏竹产生低程度胁迫的低温下,观赏竹能耐短时间低温;而在不产生冻害的低温下,观赏竹随时间增加而适应低温;(2)在对观赏竹产生低程度胁迫的低温下,少量失水有助于提高观赏竹的耐寒性,而进一步失水会降低其耐寒性;严重低温下失水几乎不对耐寒性产生影响;(3)两种因素作用强度因竹种(变种)不同而有差别。在园林造景中植株规格就要按照景观要求和现实状况来选择统一规格或自然大小;根据景观要求决定种苗是否去枝钩梢和栽植密度,都应疏密有致,营造一种自然的竹林、竹丛感觉。造景中竹文化的应用可丰富景观的内涵,达到“景外之景,象外之象”的园林审美最高境界。观赏竹造景要根据竹种的生态特性、环境空间、景观效果、竹文化呈现等要求进行设计和景观营造。
[Abstract]:Based on the design, construction and post-curing management of the ornamental bamboo landscape in the modern garden, this paper studies the cold-resistance of the bamboo species, the garden-making technology, the ornamental bamboo-building, the bamboo culture of China and its landscape application, and provides a reference for the landscape application of the ornamental bamboo. In order to better select the ornamental bamboo species in the garden design, the cold resistance of the 53 ornamental bamboo conductivity methods commonly used in the garden is detected, and the cold resistance is strong to weak as follows: Chicken hair, bamboo, white-grain, white-grain, white-white, white-white, and white-white-green bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, and bamboo. Golden-made jade, bamboo, purple bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, bamboo, Bambusa yellow-line bamboo-yellow-yellow-stalk black-feeding chicken-bamboo-yellow-green-yellow-shaped bamboo-yellow-yellow-groove red-bamboo-yellow-green bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green-bamboo-bamboo-green bamboo- Phyllostachys pubescens (Phyllostachys pubescens), Phyllostachys pubescens (Phyllostachys pubescens), Phyllostachys pubescens. The effects of low temperature time and water stress on the cold resistance of the ornamental bamboo are respectively detected in view of the post-maintenance management measures of the ornamental bamboo in the garden, and the following conclusion is obtained: (1) the ornamental bamboo can resist short-time low temperature under the low temperature of low degree of stress to the ornamental bamboo; and the cold resistance of the ornamental bamboo can be reduced by a small amount of water loss under the low temperature of low degree of stress to the ornamental bamboo, and further water loss can reduce the cold resistance of the ornamental bamboo; (3) The action intensity of the two factors is different due to the difference of the bamboo species (variety). In the garden landscape, the plant size shall be selected according to the landscape requirements and the actual conditions to select the uniform specification or the natural size; according to the requirements of the landscape, whether the seedling is to the branch and the planting density shall be closely related, so as to create a natural bamboo forest and a bamboo cluster feeling. The application of the bamboo culture in the view of the landscape can enrich the connotation of the landscape, and reach the highest level of the "The view outside the scene, like the image of the outside world" 's garden. The ornamental bamboo landscape should be designed and constructed according to the ecological characteristics of the bamboo species, the environment space, the landscape effect, the bamboo culture presentation and so on.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S795

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