论当代女性题材工笔画的现状与前景

发布时间：2018-03-16 16:09

本文选题：当代　切入点：女性题材　出处：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国画史的长河中，女性题材工笔画因其表现形式及手法的独特性一直在中国画坛拥有显赫地位。而其渊源能追溯到战国，唐时期达到它的顶峰，宋时已臻于成熟，可是宋代一方面继承唐代的优秀传统，另一方面世俗性也在增长，而且格调有下降的趋势，文人画与水墨渐兴使女性题材工笔画开始受到冷淡。民国时期月份牌与广告画、美人画开始出现，美人画虽新鲜又入时，但其介于雅与俗之间，使中国传统文化的高贵品位消磨殆尽。“五四”以后学习西方成为不可阻挡的时代潮流，新中国时期徐悲鸿、林风眠等杰出的教育家引进西方绘画因素，他们推崇中西方绘画融合，对以后女性题材工笔画的创作产生了重大影响。解放后直到文革期间由于政治实用主义的影响，女性题材工笔画与现实相脱节而且与年画混为一谈，使人们对工笔画产生严重的误解。到了近些年女性题材工笔画逐渐复兴，而且取得了越来越多令人瞩目的成果。女性题材工笔画经过了当代画家二十多年来的探索实践，逐渐拨云见日，以崭新的姿态呈现于画坛。当代女性题材工笔画以传统工笔仕女画为前提，以西方造型方式为基础，使中国画坛长期以写意为尊，重笔墨失形式的弊端得以改善，使国画的艺术形象更完善、造型方法更丰富。当代女性题材工笔画的特点呈现为：大多是写实风格，并且数量上大约占人物画比例的三分之一；学习西方艺术风格，采用了新技法新材料，既保持了传统工笔画的审美品味又体现写实技法与材料创新；相对于传统仕女画表现题材更加广泛。当代女性题材工笔画不仅人才辈出，而且以全新姿态展露于画坛：其中以何家英、唐勇力、胡明哲及新生代70、80“新工笔”画家最为突出，成为了当代女性题材工笔画的中坚力量。当然随着一件事物的发展，其中的一些弊端也随之出现，本文也提出了相对应的一些解决设想。而我们应该对当代女性题材工笔画的发展持怎样的态度呢：本文提出在传统基础上融入西画优良因素；同时品味古典，体味“传神论”、“以形写神”等传统优良观点，把传统精华运用至现实写生创作中；而且不断探索那些既源于生活又高于生活的艺术样式，，以上这些观点都成为当代女题材工笔画的创作理念。当代女性题材工笔画是紧跟时代、包含个性的拓展创新的画种，追求那种简单中的丰富、浑厚中的轻灵且有民族特色的语言，虽精心经营但又朴实自然。我们应在时代生活中挖掘自己的绘画语言，指导着我们创作出高品质、深层次的女性题材工笔画作品。唯有如此中国仕女画这一古老画科，才能在喧嚣纷繁的当代艺术的世界中绽放属于自己的光芒。
[Abstract]:In the long river of the history of Chinese painting, the fine brushwork of female theme has always held a prominent position in the Chinese painting world because of its unique expression form and technique. Its origin can be traced back to the warring States period, the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, and the Song Dynasty reached its maturity. However, on the one hand, the Song Dynasty inherited the excellent tradition of the Tang Dynasty, on the other hand, the secular character was also growing, and the style of painting had a tendency to decline. Literati painting and ink painting gradually made women's fine brushwork begin to be cold. Beauty paintings began to appear. Beauty paintings were fresh and fashionable, but they were between elegance and vulgarity, so that the noble taste of Chinese traditional culture was exhausted. After the May 4th Movement, learning from the West became an irresistible trend of the times. Xu Beihong in the New China period, Lin Fengmian and other outstanding educationalists introduced Western painting factors, they respected the integration of Chinese and Western painting, which had a great impact on the creation of female fine brushwork after liberation until the Cultural Revolution because of the influence of political pragmatism. Women's fine brushwork is out of touch with reality and confused with New year's painting, which makes people misunderstand it. In recent years, women's fine brushwork has gradually revived, and more and more remarkable achievements have been made. After more than 20 years of exploration and practice by contemporary painters, women's meticulous brushwork has gradually emerged in the world of painting with a brand new posture. Contemporary women's fine brushwork painting is based on the traditional fine brushwork painting, which is based on the Western style. So that the Chinese painting world for a long time to freehand brushwork, the abuse of heavy ink lost form can be improved, so that the artistic image of traditional Chinese painting more perfect, more rich modeling methods. The characteristics of contemporary women's meticulous brushwork are: mostly realistic style, And the number of figure painting accounts for about 1/3; learning Western art style, using new techniques and new materials, not only to maintain the aesthetic taste of traditional fine brushwork, but also to reflect realistic techniques and material innovation; Contemporary women's fine brushwork not only has a lot of talents, but also shows itself in a completely new manner: he Jiaying, Tang Yongli, Hu Mingzhe and the new generation 7080 "new meticulous brushwork" painters are the most prominent. Of course, with the development of a thing, some of its drawbacks also appear, this paper also put forward some corresponding solutions. And what kind of attitude should we take towards the development of contemporary women's meticulous brushwork: this paper proposes to incorporate the fine elements of Western painting on the basis of tradition; at the same time, we should savor the classical, appreciate the traditional good viewpoints such as "passing on the spirit", "writing spirit in form", and so on. Apply the traditional essence to realistic sketch creation, and continue to explore those art styles that are both derived from life and higher than life. These views have become the creative concept of contemporary women's painting. Contemporary women's fine brushwork is a kind of painting that closely follows the times and contains the development of personality and innovation, and pursues the language with national characteristics, which is rich in simplicity, light in depth, and characterized by national characteristics. Although carefully managed but simple and natural, we should dig into our own painting language in the life of the times, and guide us to create high-quality, deep-seated works of fine brushwork on women's subjects. In order to blaze its own light in the noisy world of contemporary art.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J212

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