艺术史视野下绘画创作中偶然性的探索

发布时间：2018-06-06 05:35

本文选题：偶然性 + 绘画艺术　；参考：《广西艺术学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：如今读图时代下视觉艺术的一番繁荣景象,离不开绘画艺术自中世纪以来上千年的不断演变和探索,其中包含印象派和达达主义等具有颠覆性的艺术理念,而每一次艺术的革新和新一代潮流的兴起,都存在偶然性于其中。因为艺术的发展是一个在继承的基础上加以创新甚至推翻的过程,偶然情况下艺术的突破也是艺术发展的必然趋向。并且在绘画艺术创作的过程,是一个偶发因素和必然因素共同作用下的过程,需要艺术家具有极强的把控力才能使作品和谐的同时又不失丰富。在中西方绘画形式上,大趋势都是随着历史的推进和文化变革从相对写实逐渐演变成相对写意。拿西画来说,其经历了中世纪为宗教服务的功能逐渐进化为以艺术家自身的情感出发进行表现,绘画逐渐变得越发纯粹。从演变过程上来讲,人们不难发现,绘画中的偶然性形式和元素逐渐增多,画家对画面的主宰地位逐渐下降,甚至有观念称,艺术已然存在于世,艺术家只是将它创作出来而已。绘画便经历了从可控到可控与不可控相结合、能预见到不能预见的转变。就是因为绘画过程中,画家的从属地位和创作方式的变革,而使得绘画具有了千般变化和万般可能,而在这其中,偶然性因素起到了至关重要的作用。绘画创作中的偶然性的引发往往来源于材料的特性和艺术家潜意识的作用,偶然效果是艺术家潜意识主导下的行为结果,而意识则负责决定偶然效果的去留。这也是跟同样是二维视觉艺术的摄影区别开来的重要因素。其中,潜意识是潜藏在人的内心深处无法感知的部分,而在潜意识状态下完成的艺术作品将更加贴近艺术和艺术家的本真,因此可以说,对潜意识作用下的偶然因素的探究更是势在必行。对偶然性的研究能够启发艺术家们在绘画艺术创作中去正确的看待和运用偶然性和必然性、潜意识和意识、可控性和不可控性,打破固有的程式化观念去寻求新的艺术表达方式,发扬个人独立精神和艺术创新精神,以求接近艺术本体的回归,使绘画艺术在当下多元时代的艺术大军中大放异彩。本文开篇以欧洲文艺复兴兴起后在绘画材料和题材上的变革展开,通过对各个时期具有代表性的艺术家和艺术流派的创作理念和绘画技法的分析,明确说明偶发因素在绘画作品中逐渐被发现并被重视起来。文章的中间部分主要讲述技法层面上对偶然性效果的运用和偶然性在潜意识作用下的产生,其中着重表明潜意识的存在方式以及如何导致偶然性的发生,进而论述偶然性在艺术创作中的重要地位和实质作用。接着,文章以李绍忠先生和作者本人的绘画创作方式作结尾,重点讲述偶然性如何在二人创作过程中得以运用。最后再次强调了偶然性的重要性以及作为艺术家如何驾驭偶然性,并提出偶然性具有永久的探究价值。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the prosperity of visual art in the era of reading pictures is inseparable from the continuous evolution and exploration of painting art since the Middle Ages, including the subversive artistic ideas such as Impressionism and Dadaism. Every artistic innovation and the rise of a new generation of trends, there are contingency in them. Because the development of art is a process of innovating and even overthrowing on the basis of inheritance, the breakthrough of art is also the inevitable trend of art development. And in the process of painting art creation, it is a process under the joint action of accidental factors and inevitable factors. It requires the artist to have a strong control in order to make the works harmonious and rich at the same time. In the form of Chinese and Western painting, the general trend is to evolve from relative realism to relative freehand brushwork with the development of history and cultural change. Taking Western painting as an example, its function of serving religion in the Middle Ages gradually evolved to be expressed by the artist's own emotion, and the painting gradually became more and more pure. In the process of evolution, it is not difficult to find that the accidental forms and elements in painting are gradually increasing, and the painter's dominance of the picture is gradually declining, and there are even some ideas that art already exists in the world. The artist just created it. Painting has experienced a change from controllable to controllable and uncontrollable, and can foresee unpredictable changes. It is because of the painting process, the painter's subordinate position and the innovation of the way of creation, and make the painting have a thousand changes and possibilities, and in this, the accidental factor played a vital role. The accidental trigger in painting often comes from the characteristics of materials and the role of the artist's subconscious. Accidental effect is the result of the artist's subconscious action, while consciousness is responsible for deciding whether the accidental effect is left or not. This is also an important factor in differentiating from photography, which is also a two-dimensional visual art. Among them, the subconscious is a part that is hidden in the depths of man's heart, and the works of art completed in the subconscious state will be more close to the true nature of art and artists, so it can be said, It is imperative to explore the accidental factors under the action of the subconscious. The study of contingency can inspire artists to treat and use contingency and inevitability, subconscious and consciousness, controllability and uncontrollability in painting art creation. Break the inherent stylized concept to seek new artistic expression, carry forward the individual independent spirit and artistic innovation spirit, in order to approach the return of the art ontology, so that the painting art in the present pluralistic era in the art army splendor. This article begins with the changes in painting materials and subjects after the rise of the European Renaissance, through the analysis of the creative ideas and painting techniques of the representative artists and art schools in various periods. It is clear that the accidental factors are gradually found and taken seriously in the painting works. The middle part of the article mainly describes the application of the accidental effect and the generation of the chance under the action of the subconscious at the level of technique, which emphasizes the existence mode of the subconscious and how to lead to the occurrence of the contingency. Then it discusses the important position and essential function of contingency in artistic creation. Then, the article ends with the painting style of Mr. Li Shaozhong and the author himself, focusing on how chance can be used in the process of their creation. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of fortuitousness and how to control it as an artist, and points out that fortuitousness has permanent exploring value.
【学位授予单位】：广西艺术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J204

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