恽南田与“静”画论的艺术研究

发布时间：2018-07-20 19:46

【摘要】：恽南田是清初著名文人画家、绘画理论家，诗书画俱佳，为“清初六大家”之一，在山水画和没骨花鸟画创作方面自成一格，成就卓然。中国画论“静”的观点起源于哲学，特别是道家学说的“虚静”论。“虚静”是老庄哲学的重要命题，后来被引入到美学领域中，成为美学审美的重要命题。此外，“虚静”观对文学、书法、绘画等领域也有着直接或间接的影响。“静”境是传统文人画的理想境界，恽南田作为中国传统文化中文人的代表，其身上带有明显的时代特征和个性特征。恽南田对绘画理论颇有研究，在后人根据其画跋整理的《南田画跋》中，明确提出绘画创作要有“虚静”的心态。南田追求以自然界为中心进行艺术构思，崇尚简、雅的审美意趣，以“高逸”作为审美理想。南田的绘画实践和理论都展现出独特的文人画特征，强调安顿性灵，以平和冲淡为审美理想，在离乱、无可奈何、不平等的乱世中，既有生命的寂寞，又蕴藏着无穷的生命力量。正是在这种彰显生命真性的寂寞环境中，他完成了自己一生的不朽之作，也展现了坚贞不屈的高洁品性。本文以恽南田切入，从四个方面来深度剖析和阐述中国画论中主“静”理论的深刻内涵：一是“静”的由来与意味；二是“静”的创作心境与笔墨；三是“静”的美学意味；四是余论，浅谈中国画论中“静”境的意义和影响。在体会恽南田画作及绘画理论精妙绝伦的同时，领悟其高超的思想境界与静坐默观的审美心境。
[Abstract]:Yun Nantian is a famous literati painter, painting theorist, poem, calligraphy and painting, for the "early Qing Dynasty six people", in the landscape painting and no bone flowers and birds painting to create its own style, the achievement of Zhuo Ran. The view of Chinese painting theory "Jing" originates from philosophy, especially the theory of "empty stillness" of Taoism. "Xu Jing" is an important proposition in Laozhuang's philosophy, which was later introduced into the field of aesthetics and became an important proposition of aesthetic aesthetics. In addition, the concept of "Xu Jing" has direct or indirect influence on literature, calligraphy, painting and other fields. "quiet" is the ideal realm of traditional literati painting. Yun Nantian, as the representative of Chinese people in Chinese traditional culture, has obvious characteristics of the times and personality. Yun Nantian has studied painting theory quite well. In the postscript of Nantian painting arranged by posterity, Yun Nantian clearly pointed out that painting creation should have the mentality of "empty and quiet". Nantian pursues artistic conception centered on nature, advocates simplicity and elegance, and takes "Gao Yi" as aesthetic ideal. Nantian's painting practice and theory all show unique characteristics of literati painting, emphasizing the nature of settling down, taking peace as the aesthetic ideal. In the turbulent times of chaos, helplessness and inequality, there is the loneliness of life. There is also an infinite power of life. It is in this lonely environment that shows the true nature of life that he has completed his immortal works and displayed his unyielding and unyielding quality of cleanness. In this paper, Yun Nantian is used to deeply analyze and expound the profound connotation of the main "static" theory in the theory of Chinese painting from four aspects: the origin and meaning of "quiet", the state of mind and pen and ink of "static", the aesthetic meaning of "quiet"; The fourth is the comment on the meaning and influence of "quiet" in Chinese painting theory. While understanding Yun Nantian's paintings and painting theory, he understood his superb ideological state and the aesthetic state of meditation.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J212

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