试论弘仁绘画的虚静之美

发布时间：2019-03-06 17:42

【摘要】：弘仁是清代四僧画家之一。他出生于明清易祚时期，，之后满族入主中原，一些文人墨客不愿在新的政权中为官，而是将满腹学识转向吟诗作画。弘仁就活跃于这个时期。他提倡创新，反对泥古不化。弘仁的山水画风静谧而深邃，给人清雅、给人绝尘、又给人超然世外的感觉。弘仁一生贫苦波折，早年“忠孝礼义”的儒家思想对他教导颇深，但随着明朝灭亡、江山易主等一系列变故，为国尽忠的理想破灭。仕途的无望让他心中渐生冷意，在他遁入空门之后，对佛学的体悟让他进入了参禅悟道、沉醉笔墨的境界中。他的作品中充溢了“虚静空灵，幽深冷逸”之气，这种绘画风格的形成与其人生经历和对大自然的深切感悟密切相关。为了突破前人之法描写黄山特质，弘仁的足迹踏遍黄山，寒来暑往、耳濡目染，心中眼中皆是黄山。最终笔下写出黄山性情，黄山的寂静幽深与弘仁虚怀的性情达成了最深的默契，所以他笔下的黄山不同于其他，构图明快、笔墨清雅古洁、意境深邃。本文通过对弘仁山水画的虚静之美及其成因进行研究，引申出“虚静”状态对当今山水画创作的现实意义，对提高山水画的创作质量也有一定的启示作用。
[Abstract]:Hongren is one of the four monk painters in the Qing Dynasty. He was born in the Ming and Qing dynasties, after the Manchu entered the Central Plains, some literati do not want to be officials in the new regime, but will be full of learning to recite poetry painting. Hongren was active in this period. He advocates innovation and opposes the immortalization of mud. Hongren's landscape painting style is quiet and profound, giving people elegance, giving people the dust, but also giving people a sense of detachment from the outside world. The Confucian thought of "loyalty, filial piety, courtesy and righteousness" taught him deeply in his life, but with the demise of the Ming Dynasty and a series of vicissitudes such as the change of the river and mountains, the ideal of loyalty to the country was shattered. The hopelessness of his career made him feel cold in his heart. After his escape into the empty door, his understanding of Buddhism brought him into the realm of meditation and meditation. His works are filled with the spirit of "empty and quiet, deep and cold". The formation of this painting style is closely related to his life experience and deep understanding of nature. In order to break through the previous description of Huangshan characteristics, Hongren footprints all over the Huangshan, cold and summer, affected by the eyes of the heart is Huangshan. Finally he wrote the Huangshan temperament, Huangshan silence and Hongren vain nature reached the deepest tacit understanding, so his Huangshan is different from other, composition, clear ink and ancient, profound artistic conception. Through the study of the beauty of virtual silence and its causes of Hongren landscape painting, this paper derives the realistic significance of the state of "virtual quiet" to the creation of landscape painting today, and also has some enlightening effect on improving the creative quality of landscape painting.
【学位授予单位】：天津美术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J212

【共引文献】