美学学科的两种理论形态

发布时间：2018-08-28 12:38

【摘要】：中国现当代美学,实际上是“西方美学在中国”。西方美学的传统形态,是从属于哲学体系的,即“真—善—美”三分结构中的“美”之形态,它无法从哲学体系中独立出来,只有和哲学体系共沉浮———这是哲学体系中的美学理论形态。比这更古老、更悠久的美学理论形态,应是意大利维柯所提出的“诗性智慧”形态,它是原始人(民族)的思维方式。所谓“诗性智慧”形态是指原始人天然地开创的用“感官—想象(记忆)”并通过“比喻”把握世界的“感性—艺术”思维方式。这是一种诗性的理论形态,它区别于哲学的“逻辑—推理”形态。当下学界缺乏这两种理论形态的自觉意识,把两者混淆起来,导致“两张皮一起扯”的糊涂局面。现当代中国美学欲求得有实质性的进展,除了首先理清两种理论形态的区别之外,别无它途。此外,这也是梳理“中国美学”的大前提,应该打破“西方美学在中国”的方式来整理中国古代美学的僵局,展现中国古代美学的独特形态。
[Abstract]:Chinese modern and contemporary aesthetics, in fact, is "Western aesthetics in China." The traditional form of western aesthetics is subordinate to the philosophical system, that is, the form of "beauty" in the three-point structure of "truth-goodness and beauty", which cannot be independent from the philosophical system. Only with the rise and fall of philosophy system-this is the form of aesthetic theory in the philosophy system. The form of aesthetic theory, which is older and longer than this, should be the form of "poetic wisdom" put forward by Vico, Italy, and it is the mode of thinking of primitive people (nations). The form of "poetic wisdom" refers to the "sensual-artistic" mode of thinking that primitive people created naturally with "sensual-imagination (memory)" and "metaphor" to grasp the world. This is a poetic theoretical form, it is different from the philosophy of "logic-reasoning" form. The lack of conscious consciousness of the two theoretical forms in the present academic world confuses the two forms and leads to the confused situation of "two skins pulling together". In modern and contemporary Chinese aesthetics, there is no other way except to clarify the differences between the two theoretical forms. In addition, this is also the premise of combing "Chinese aesthetics", which should break the way of "Western aesthetics in China" to sort out the deadlock of ancient Chinese aesthetics and show the unique form of ancient Chinese aesthetics.
【作者单位】：湛江师范学院中文系
【分类号】：B83

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