西方美学内在化的道路──重读西方美学史

发布时间：2018-08-30 07:38

【摘要】：西方传统美学主张美来自于客体外部形式的和谐，，认为美的实现是诉诸伦理学表达的。进入当代以来，西方美学的主题发生了重大变化，这主要表现在两个方面：一是从审美容体的外在形式向审美主体的内在体验转化；二是从与伦理同一的“完善”向超功利的“自在完满”转化。这两方面的转向，显示了美学在本体论及认识论的框架内由客体转向主体，由美的本质追问转向生存意义的肯定。这是西方美学自身发展的必然趋向。但是，为了防止和克服极端片面的客体消除反过来拆解了主体；或一味张扬非理性化而走向反理性主义，瓦解主体，就必须回归到马克思所确立的实践思维方式上来。通过实践活动，寻求理性与非理性的辩证统一，有效地摆脱后现代美学家们困惑不解的内在与超越的二难悖论，将自身的文化样态置于多元共生的世界文化体系之中，从而建立起面向２１世纪的合理的文化观。
[Abstract]:The western traditional aesthetics advocates that beauty comes from the harmony of external forms of object, and holds that the realization of beauty is expressed by resorting to ethics. Since entering the contemporary era, the theme of western aesthetics has undergone great changes, which is mainly manifested in two aspects: first, from the external form of aesthetic body to the internal experience of aesthetic subject; The second is the transformation from perfect to super-utilitarian. The turning of these two aspects shows that aesthetics turns from object to subject within the framework of ontology and epistemology, and from the essence of beauty to the affirmation of the meaning of existence. This is the inevitable trend of the development of western aesthetics itself. However, in order to prevent and overcome the extreme one-sided object elimination in turn, to dismantle the subject, or to promote irrationalism and unravel the subject, it is necessary to return to the practical thinking mode established by Marx. Through practical activities, we seek the dialectical unity of rationality and irrationality, effectively get rid of the inner and transcendent two difficult paradoxes puzzled by postmodern aestheticians, and put their own cultural patterns in the pluralistic symbiotic world cultural system. So as to establish a reasonable view of culture facing the 21 st century.
【分类号】：B83

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