身体主体观中的审美过程论

发布时间：2018-09-01 14:18

【摘要】：随着当代生理学、心理学、哲学研究的进展,有关独立灵魂实体的假说被越来越多的学者所摒弃,精神日益被领受为身体的活动和功能。从这种身心观的角度看,审美的主体只能是身体,美学研究也应该以身体主体论取代精神主体论,从身体主体出发重构完整的审美过程。身体-主体是实在者,实在者能够直接与其他实在者打交道,建构起以自己为中心和枢纽的世界,这是身体-主体在本体论意义上的优越性。在组建世界过程中,身体-主体扮演着三种角色:(1)作为筹划者的身体-主体;(2)作为中心-枢纽的身体-主体;(3)作为原始尺度的身体-主体。这三种角色使身体-主体不断以总体蓝图和它所涵括的理想意象为依据审视、评估、鉴赏现实之象。如果现实之象符合理想意象,那么,身体-主体就有可能产生审美愉悦。不过,任何实在者都在宇宙中占据着独一的位置,皆具有仅属于自己的本体论规定性,均非身体-主体可以任意支配的质料,所以,要成功地与其他实在者结缘,人必须在试图同化它们时顺应其自立品格,最终把主体和对象两方面的片面性取消掉。由此可见,具体的审美过程总是从属于身体-主体与其他实在者复杂的联合与博弈,展开为包括重构、评估、认同、顺应在内的复杂操作。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern physiology, psychology and philosophy, the hypothesis of independent soul entity has been rejected by more and more scholars, and the spirit is increasingly accepted as the activity and function of body. From the point of view of this view of body and mind, the aesthetic subject can only be the body, and the aesthetic research should replace the spiritual subject theory with the body subject theory, and reconstruct the complete aesthetic process from the body subject. Body-subject is reality, and reality can deal with other reality directly and construct a world centered and pivotal on itself, which is the superiority of body-subject in the sense of ontology. In the process of forming the world, the body-subject plays three roles: (1) the body-subject as the planner; (2) the body-subject as the center-hub; (3) as the primordial body-subject. These three roles make the body-subject constantly examine, evaluate and appreciate the reality image based on the overall blueprint and the ideal image it contains. If the image of reality accords with the ideal image, then the body-subject may produce aesthetic pleasure. However, any reality occupies a unique position in the universe, has its own ontological requirements, and is not subject to arbitrary control of the body-subject, therefore, to succeed in connecting with other reality, When trying to assimilate them, people must conform to their independent character and finally eliminate the one-sidedness of subject and object. It can be seen from this that the specific aesthetic process is always subordinate to the complex combination and game between the body-subject and other realists, and is developed into complex operations, including reconstruction, evaluation, identification, and adaptation.
【作者单位】：深圳大学文学院;
【基金】：广东省哲学社会科学“十一五”规划项目“主体性理论视野中的身体美学建构:主体论身体美学研究”(07J01)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：B83-0

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