克罗齐美学思想探索

发布时间：2019-02-14 17:19

【摘要】：克罗齐，意大利著名哲学家、美学家、文学批评家。他的表现主义美学理论的核心是“直觉即表现，表现即艺术”。美学向来是长在哲学之上的艳丽花朵，，因此，首先从探询克罗齐美学思想的理论渊源入手，主要讨论了三个重要人物对克罗齐的影响，他们是维柯、康德、黑格尔。克罗齐把精神作为世界的本原，他认为只有经过心灵掌握的，才是现实的。心灵的活动就是全部的现实，世界上惟有精神存在，精神创造了一切，因此，克罗齐把自己的哲学称为“精神哲学”。在精神哲学基础上，克罗齐建立起他的庞大的美学理论体系。克罗齐从其核心论点“直觉即表现”出发，给直觉下了定义，通过直觉与感受、知觉的比较，得出直觉的特点，直觉是抒情的表现，直觉就是美，直觉就是艺术，艺术的创造和欣赏是统一的。他肯定了艺术不是物理事实、不是功利活动，不是道德活动，也不是概念和逻辑活动，同时指出艺术是不可以分类的。那么，克罗齐从肯定与否定中，使自己的“直觉即表现”得到了界说。本文还将散落在其著作中的一些重要观点作了简单归纳，如自由美与非自由美的问题以及批评与艺术史的问题。克罗齐的表现主义美学思想是非常复杂和丰富的，合理因素与片面因素往往是掺合在一起的，本文对克罗齐美学思想作了简要评价。可以看到，克罗齐美学思想对中国与西方都产生了深远的影响，具有现实的当代意义。
[Abstract]:Croce is a famous Italian philosopher, aesthetician and literary critic. The core of his expressionist aesthetic theory is "intuition is expression, expression is art". Aesthetics has always been a beautiful flower on the basis of philosophy. Therefore, starting with the theoretical origin of Croce's aesthetic thought, this paper mainly discusses the influence of three important figures on Croce, they are Vico, Kant and Hegel. Croce regards the spirit as the origin of the world. The activity of the soul is the whole reality. In the world, only the spirit exists and the spirit creates everything. Therefore, Croce calls his philosophy "spiritual philosophy". On the basis of spiritual philosophy, Croce established his huge aesthetic theory system. From his core argument, "intuition is expression", Croce defines intuition. Through the comparison of intuition and feeling, perception, the characteristics of intuition are obtained. Intuition is lyrical expression, intuition is beauty, intuition is art. The creation and appreciation of art are unified. He affirmed that art is not a physical fact, not a utilitarian activity, a moral activity, nor a conceptual and logical activity, and pointed out that art cannot be classified. So, Croce from the positive and negative, so that his "intuition that performance" has been defined. This paper also makes a brief summary of some important viewpoints scattered in his works, such as the issues of free beauty and non-free beauty, as well as the problems of criticism and art history. Croce's expressionist aesthetic thought is very complex and rich. Reasonable factors and one-sided factors are often mixed together. This paper makes a brief evaluation of Croce's aesthetic thought. It can be seen that Croce's aesthetic thought has a profound influence on both China and the West and has realistic contemporary significance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：B83

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