新疆焉耆回民花儿传承研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 13:02

本文选题：新疆焉耆地区 + 非物质文化遗产　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：花儿是流传在西北甘、青、宁、新四省（区）回、汉、撒拉、东乡、保安、裕固、土族、藏族等民族中的一种山歌形式，又称“少年”或“野曲”。1它历史悠久、内容丰富，是中国丰富多彩的民间音乐中独具特色的一支“艺术奇葩”。回族是花儿歌种传承与发展的主要民族，回族花儿带有浓郁的地域特点和民族特色。新疆回族的花儿主要是源自青海省和甘肃省的“河湟花儿”，是一种山歌体民歌。2花儿在新疆主要分布在昌吉回族自治州、伊犁哈萨克自治州和焉耆回族自治县等地区。新疆的花儿除保持了原有的唱腔和韵味外，还大量吸收与融合了当地的文化，因而在花儿的句式、押韵形式、衬字、衬词、衬句及演唱上，都形成了自己的风格，成为别具特色的新疆花儿。其中，焉耆回族花儿主要为河州（甘肃省临夏回族自治州）类型。焉耆回民来自于青海、宁夏、甘肃地区，在漫长的历史发展中，经过不断的民族迁徙与融合，焉耆花儿在继承了河州花儿的基础上，不断演变，形成了自己独特的风格。2006年，焉耆花儿和昌吉花儿合并成“新疆花儿”正式被国务院列为第一批国家非物质文化遗产。花儿作为西北地区独特的民间艺术形式，一直被国内外学者关注，但是研究者大多关注的是甘肃、青海等地的花儿，新疆花儿（尤其是焉耆花儿）却少有人探讨。本文通过大量的田野调查，对焉耆花儿艺术的艺术载体进行分析，并结合传承现状，总结和反思现有传承的优缺点，探索更科学和可持续的保护非物质文化遗产的方法，以达到开拓和发展新的少数民族文化在当今社会的空间。全文共分五部分：第一部分是绪论。主要对本文章的研究目的和缘起、研究现状、研究的内容和方法进行评述。第二部分是对焉耆花儿产生和发展的生态环境做较为详细的阐述。全面的展现焉耆花儿产生的历史、地理、人文背景和起源。第三部分是焉耆花儿的本体分析。通过与河湟花儿的对比来分析焉耆花儿的歌词、旋律特点。第四部分是焉耆花儿传承现状的调查。通过传承现状的调查，，分析焉耆花儿在焉耆的传承方式。第五部分是焉耆花儿传承现状的思考。结合当代花儿艺术传承现状，提出完善和建立传承体系的措施。
[Abstract]:Flowers are a form of folk songs circulating in northwest Gansu, Qing, Ning, New four provinces (districts), Han, Sala, Dongxiang, Baoan, Yugu, Tu, Tibetan, etc., also known as "teenagers" or "Wild songs" .1 it has a long history and is rich in content. China's colorful folk music is unique in a "rare flower of art." Hui nationality is the main nationality in the inheritance and development of flowers and songs, and the flowers of Hui nationality have rich regional and national characteristics. The flowers of Hui nationality in Xinjiang are mainly from "Hehuang Flower" in Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. It is a kind of folk song, which is mainly distributed in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and Yanqi Hui Autonomous County in Xinjiang. In addition to maintaining the original singing and rhyme, the flowers in Xinjiang have also absorbed and merged the local culture in a large number. As a result, they have formed their own style in the sentence patterns, rhyme forms, lined characters, lining words, lining sentences and singing of the flowers. To become a unique Xinjiang flower. Among them, Yanqi Hui mainly for the type of Huizhou (Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province). Yanqi Hui people come from Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu regions. In the course of long historical development, Yanqi flowers have evolved and formed their own unique style on the basis of inheriting the flowers of Hezhou through the continuous migration and integration of nationalities. In 2006, Yanqi Flower and Changji Flower merged into Xinjiang Flower, which was officially listed as the first national intangible cultural heritage by the State Council. As a unique form of folk art in Northwest China, scholars at home and abroad have been paying close attention to it. However, most of the researchers pay attention to the flowers in Gansu, Qinghai and other places, but the flowers in Xinjiang (especially in Yanqi) are seldom discussed. Through a lot of fieldwork, this paper analyzes the artistic carrier of Yanqi art, and combines with the present situation of inheritance, summarizes and reflects on the merits and demerits of the existing heritage, and explores more scientific and sustainable methods to protect the intangible cultural heritage. In order to open up and develop new minority culture in today's society space. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction. This paper mainly reviews the purpose and origin of this article, research status, research content and methods. The second part is to elaborate the ecological environment of Yanqi flower production and development in detail. A comprehensive display of the history, geography, human background and origin of Yanqi flowers. The third part is the ontology analysis of Yanqi flower. This paper analyzes the lyrics and melody of Yanqi flowers by comparing them with Hehuang flowers. The fourth part is the investigation of the status quo of Yanqi flower inheritance. Through the investigation of the present situation of inheritance, this paper analyzes the inheritance of Yanqi flower in Yanqi. The fifth part is the present situation of Yanqi flower inheritance. Combined with the present situation of contemporary flower art inheritance, the measures to perfect and establish inheritance system are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J607

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