室内装饰材料甲醛释放规律的模拟及防治技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 16:37

本文关键词：室内装饰材料甲醛释放规律的模拟及防治技术研究　出处：《中南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着生活水平的提高,人们对室内装饰材料的环保性日益重视,目前的研究已证明,各种装饰材料散发甲醛、苯(及苯系物)、氨等各种挥发性有机物在相对封闭的空间中形成了对人体有害的污染物释放源,其浓度与人体罹患诸多疾病风险成正相关。所以,如何减少室内有害气体浓度,使人们能有一个更加健康的生活环境显得意义重大。目前对于减少室内有害气体浓度的相关研究主要注重于控制污染源、加强室内通风及延长入住日期,而对于室内局部有害气体浓度与室内家具摆放位置关系的研究尚无相关文献报道。本文拟在以甲醛为研究对象,利用FLUENT软件,在特定空间内对局部空间甲醛浓度与家具摆放位置的关系进行模拟,为室内家具摆放方式提供参考,提高室内空气品质,从而减少甲醛对人体危害。本文研究的主要内容及主要成果是： (1)介绍了室内装饰材料的种类,并以家具为重点研究对象,分析影响家具甲醛释放的因素以及家具的甲醛释放机理。 (2)选用FLUENT软件为模拟平台,模拟办公室内甲醛污染物的浓度分布。选用了书柜和办公桌为污染物释放源,并选择了一个甲醛扩散具有典型性的办公室为主要研究对象,建立三维模型。并且设计了家具在室内的3种布置情况,模拟在既定的通风模式下,甲醛的浓度分布状况。 (3)在一定通风条件下,特定温度、特定装修的空间内,室内局部甲醛浓度与家具布局有关,通过不同方案的家具布局,对室内局部甲醛浓度进行模拟计算,以人们频繁活动点(区域)的局部甲醛浓度为参考,可以得出室内最佳家具布局方案,从而减少人体对甲醛的吸收。 (4)密闭空间内总体甲醛浓度比通风空间高,通风对室内甲醛污染的扩散明显有利,室内甲醛的高浓度区域(除了污染源附近)主要集中在通风状况不好的地方。甲醛在相对密闭空间内局部浓度有差异,受污染物的数量,距离污染源的距离以及房间内的气流流动状态多方面的影响。一般遵循以下规律：在整个房间内,污染物数量相对多的区域甲醛的浓度更高,距离污染源近的区域甲醛浓度高,气体在室内流动时形成漩涡且风速较小的区域甲醛浓度高。 (5)最后从室内装饰材料甲醛的污染物源头、甲醛污染防治技术、绿色建材的开发、科学合理的装修和家具布局以及管理等方面提出一些防治措施。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to the environmental protection of interior decoration materials. The current research has proved that all kinds of decorative materials emit formaldehyde, benzene (and benzenes). Ammonia and other volatile organic compounds form harmful pollutant release sources in relatively closed space, and their concentrations are positively related to the risk of many diseases. Therefore, how to reduce the concentration of indoor harmful gases. It is of great significance to make people have a healthier living environment. At present, the research on reducing indoor harmful gas concentration mainly focuses on controlling the pollution sources, strengthening indoor ventilation and extending the occupancy date. However, there is no related literature about the relationship between indoor local harmful gas concentration and the location of indoor furniture. In this paper, formaldehyde is taken as the research object and FLUENT software is used. This paper simulates the relationship between formaldehyde concentration in local space and the location of furniture in a special space to provide reference for indoor furniture placement and improve indoor air quality, thus reducing the harm of formaldehyde to human body. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the types of interior decoration materials are introduced, and the factors influencing the formaldehyde release of furniture and the formaldehyde releasing mechanism of furniture are analyzed. (2) FLUENT software was selected as the simulation platform to simulate the concentration distribution of formaldehyde pollutants in the office, and the bookcase and desk were selected as the pollutant release source. A typical office with formaldehyde diffusion was selected as the main research object to establish a three-dimensional model, and designed three kinds of furniture layout in the room, simulation in the established ventilation mode. The concentration distribution of formaldehyde. 3) under certain ventilation conditions, specific temperature, special decoration space, indoor local formaldehyde concentration and furniture layout, through different plans of furniture layout. The indoor local formaldehyde concentration is simulated and calculated. With reference to the local formaldehyde concentration of people's frequent moving points (areas), the best indoor furniture layout scheme can be obtained, thus reducing the absorption of formaldehyde by human body. 4) the total formaldehyde concentration in the confined space is higher than that in the ventilated space, and ventilation is beneficial to the diffusion of indoor formaldehyde pollution. The high concentration area of indoor formaldehyde (except near the pollution source) is mainly concentrated in the place where the ventilation condition is not good. There are differences in the local concentration of formaldehyde in the relatively closed space and the quantity of pollutants. The influence of the distance from the pollution source and the air flow state in the room. Generally, the following rules are followed: in the whole room, the concentration of formaldehyde is higher in the area with relatively large amount of pollutants. The concentration of formaldehyde in the area close to the source of pollution is high, and the concentration of formaldehyde is high in the area where the gas flows in the room and the wind speed is small. Finally, some preventive measures are put forward from the sources of formaldehyde pollutants in interior decoration materials, the prevention and control technology of formaldehyde pollution, the development of green building materials, the scientific and reasonable decoration, furniture layout and management, etc.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：X51

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