生态批评视角下的《雨王亨德森》

发布时间：2018-02-21 10:28

本文关键词： 《雨王亨德森》生态批评理论人类中心主义污染自然净化作用　出处：《河北农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：索尔·贝娄，美国犹太裔作家，1976年诺贝尔文学奖得主。《雨王亨德森》是作者的代表小说，其主人公亨德森生活在二战后人类中心主义盛行、道德缺失的美国社会,社会现状导致亨德森心灵空虚、行为异常。为了冲破困境、救赎心灵，主人公踏上了前往非洲原始大陆的旅程。在小说中，非洲大陆代表原生态的自然，其对主人公心灵的净化和救赎有着丰富、清晰的体现,这正契合了生态批评理论的主要观点：即站在地球生态的立场上研究文学，运用生态相关概念解读和分析文学作品，探讨人与自然的关系；不仅重视谈论人对自然的影响，也涉及自然对人类的影响及两者密不可分的联系。所以，，本文从生态批评角度入手，分析《雨王亨德森》这部小说，着重揭示自然对于人类心灵的治愈和救赎，提倡人类应该敬畏自然、回归自然。本论文分为六个部分。引言部分首先对作品及其生态主题进行简述，然后对国内外索尔贝娄研究尤其是《雨王亨德森》研究进行梳理，以期发现该小说研究中的盲点及本文的研究价值；其次，介绍分析生态批评理论的定义、发展过程，及本文主要采用的生态批评切入点，即人类中心主义造成的污染、深层生态观关于自然净化作用的观点和生态女性主义相关观点。第三部分从人类中心主义造成的污染角度分析折磨亨德森内心的根源，即其逃离现代社会的根源：污染问题，包括现代都市中自然环境的污染及现代工业社会造成的精神、心灵污染。第四部分结合深层生态观中的生态净化作用解析亨德森旅行所处的非洲原始文化中自然的作用，主要包括风光优美的自然环境的荡涤作用、非洲部落人与动物和谐关系的治愈作用和作为自然象征的非洲女性的抚慰作用。最终得出结论：自然环境不仅可以抚慰人的创伤、治愈人的心灵，而且还可以提供走出生态困境的一种方式，即通过和谐相处从而打破人类和自然之间的疏离和隔阂。人类必须要崇敬自然、回归自然、与自然和谐相处，才能减少以至避免生态灾难；地球的可持续发展，首先要求人与自然和谐相处。第五部分分析作者的生态思想在小说中的具体体现。文章结论部分概括全文内容，指出文章创新之处，并引发相关思考。
[Abstract]:Saul Bellow, American Jewish writer, Nobel Prize winner in literature in 1976. Henderson the Rain King is the author's representative novel, whose protagonist Henderson lives in an American society where anthropocentrism prevailed after World War II and morality was lacking. In order to break through the predicament and save the soul, the protagonist embarked on the journey to Africa's primitive continent. In the novel, the African continent represents the nature of the original ecology. Its purification and redemption of the protagonist's soul is rich and clear, which coincides with the main viewpoint of ecological criticism theory: to study literature from the standpoint of earth ecology, and to interpret and analyze literary works by using ecological related concepts. This paper discusses the relationship between man and nature, pays attention not only to the influence of man on nature, but also to the influence of nature on human beings and their inextricable relationship. Therefore, this paper analyzes Henderson the Rain King from the angle of ecological criticism. It emphasizes the healing and redemption of nature to the human soul, and advocates that man should fear nature and return to nature. This thesis is divided into six parts. The introduction first briefly describes the works and their ecological themes, and then combs the studies of Saul Bellow at home and abroad, especially Henderson the Rain King. In order to find the blind spot in the study of the novel and the research value of this paper, secondly, introduce the definition, development process of the theory of ecological criticism, and the breakthrough point of ecological criticism, that is, the pollution caused by anthropocentrism. The third part analyzes the root of Henderson's heart from the angle of pollution caused by anthropocentrism, that is, the source of his escape from modern society: the problem of pollution. Including the pollution of the natural environment in the modern city and the spirit caused by the modern industrial society, and the spiritual pollution. 4th part analyzes the role of nature in the primitive African culture in which Henderson travels in the light of the ecological purification function in the deep ecological view. It mainly includes the destruction of the beautiful natural environment, the healing effect of the harmonious relationship between African tribesmen and animals, and the soothing effect of African women as a symbol of nature. Finally, it is concluded that the natural environment can not only soothe people's wounds. To heal the human soul, and to provide a way out of the ecological dilemma, that is, to break the estrangement and estrangement between man and nature by living in harmony. Human beings must respect nature, return to nature, and live in harmony with nature, The sustainable development of the earth requires the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. Part 5th analyzes the concrete embodiment of the author's ecological thought in the novel. Points out the innovation of the article, and causes related thinking.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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