目的论视域下《丰乳肥臀》中文化负载词的翻译

发布时间：2018-05-18 13:45

本文选题：目的论 + 文化负载词　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,文化翻译越来越受到海内外学者的重视。文化负载词是传播中国文化的难点之一,对此我们应给予关注。为了拓展文化负载词的翻译方法,本文作者以《丰乳肥臀》为研究对象进行了案例研究。该书是2012年诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言的著作之一,此书的英文译者是美国著名翻译家霍华德戈德布赖特。正是由于霍华德戈德布赖特的出色的翻译使西方读者认识了莫言以及其作品中所蕴含的丰富的中国文化。霍华德翻译了书中大量的中国俗语、谚语和隽语,这些都是典型的文化负载元素。翻译是人类有目的的活动,早在上世纪晚期德国学者便提出了目的论。传统的翻译理论认定原文既是信息来源也是衡量翻译质量的标准,与此不同,以目的论为指导的译者则有目的性的选择能够满足其翻译目的和读者需求的信息。在此理论框架下,一直作为翻译标准的对等理论被补足理论所替代。目的论主要包括三个原则：目的原则、一致原则、忠实原则。一致原则意味着译文应与原文保持充分的一致,才能在交际环境中发挥作用,使读者理解译文内容。忠实原则要求原文与译文的语际连贯。语际连贯应从属于语内连贯,两者又必须服从于目的原则。因此,目的原则才是置顶原则。它规定了翻译策略的选择是由特定目的决定的,且翻译策略应服务于翻译目的。费米尔认为好的翻译应保证译文在特定环境下,按照使用者的意愿发生作用。那么戈德布赖特翻译《丰乳肥臀》的目的是什么呢?通过对他事迹的了解以及他就翻译研究所做的演讲我们不难推断,戈德布赖特翻译文化负载词的主要目的是为了向西方传播中国文化,而交际目的是为了使西方读者理解中国文化具体细节。译者以此目的为出发点,充分考虑读者的接受能力及理解力,采用音译和直译为主要翻译策略,并在翻译中做适当的调适,帮助读者克服文化障碍。同时,戈德布赖特也采用了其它翻译策略,如：意译、替代、增译、减译和省译,这些策略有助于保留中国文化的原汁原味,满足西方读者的兴趣。可以说,戈德布赖特的翻译是充分且成功的。他的翻译对中西方文化交流做出了突出贡献。本篇论文以目的论为指导,旨在研究《丰乳肥臀》中文化负载词的翻译策略。作者从前人研究中获得启示,对霍华德戈德布赖特的英译进行分析,试图从三个研究途径中有所发现：首先,作者将对《丰乳肥臀》中的文化负载词进行分类,并逐一列出相对应的译文。其次,作者将做出详细的案例分析,以便阐释译者处理文化负载词所采用的翻译策略。最后,作者指出了两处译者处理文化负载词时存在的瑕疵。作者希望本篇论文可以对日后其它文学作品中文化负载词的翻译研究提出有用的建议,并辅助译著读者克服文化障碍。本篇论文分为六章。第一章是对全文的综述,阐明研究意义,介绍研究背景及文章结构。随着全球化进程的迅速发展,迥异的文化元素吸引了越来越多文化交际领域学者的关注,特别是翻译人员的重视。文化因素一直是翻译过程中难以攻克的难题,对于译者来说,寻求并检验一种适当的翻译方法是实为必要的,这有利于解决文化负载词及相关表达的翻译问题。第二章进行文献综述。首先解释文化的定义,并阐释其与语言和翻译的关系。然后,作者对文化负载词的相关研究进行综合论述,为文化负载词下定义,提出相关翻译难点,并对常见问题进行详细阐释。第三章对目的论做出详细阐释。首先对其做出定义。其次,对目的论的本质做出简要概述,指出该理论的核心思想,即目的、翻译要求、忠实及充分。再次阐释目的论的三个基本原则,分别为目的原则、连贯原则及忠实原则。最后,本章将举出目的论的几个优点。第四章提出研究问题、研究方法及数据收集途径。本文主要采用定性研究方法对小说《丰乳肥臀》进行案例分析,所有例子及数据皆摘自此书。第五章对《丰乳肥臀》中文化负载词的翻译进行具体研究。首先以奈达提出的文化类型为基础,对《丰乳肥臀》中文化负载词进行分类。作者填制了五个表格,清楚列出书中所有文化负载词及相应译文。作者根据所收集的有关戈德布赖特的事迹及其演讲材料的内容,推断译者翻译本篇小说的目的,之后从目的论的角度研究《丰乳肥臀》中翻译策略的的应用,作者还对译文中的两处不足做出了补充。最后作者探索性地提出了翻译文化负载词的相关建议。第六章是对全文的总结,作者在此提出研究的局限性,并对日后与文化负载词相关的翻译研究提出了可行性建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, cultural translation has attracted more and more attention from scholars both at home and abroad. Cultural loaded words are one of the difficulties in the dissemination of Chinese culture. We should pay attention to this. In order to expand the translation method of culture loaded words, the author took "rich breast and hip" as the research subject. This book is the winner of the 2012 Nobel prize for literature, Mo Yan. One of the books, the English translator is the famous American translator, Howard Gold Bright. It is the excellent translation of Howard Gold Bright that makes western readers know Mo Yan and the rich Chinese culture in his works. Howard translated a large number of Chinese proverbs, proverbs and meaningful words in the book, all of which are allopes. Type of cultural load elements.
Translation is a purposeful activity. As early as the late last century German scholars put forward the theory of skopos. The traditional translation theory identified the original source as both the source of information and the standard of the quality of translation. Under the theoretical framework, the theory of equivalence has been replaced by the equivalence theory as a standard of translation. The skopos theory mainly includes three principles: the goal principle, the consistent principle and the principle of loyalty. The principle of consistency means that the translation should be fully consistent with the original text so that the reader can play its role in the communicative environment and make the readers understand the translation content. The principle of loyalty is required. Interlingual coherence. Interlingual coherence should be subordinate to coherence in the language. Both must be subject to the purpose principle. Therefore, the goal principle is the top principle. It stipulates that the choice of the translation strategy is determined by a specific purpose, and the translation strategy should serve the purpose of translation. In the context of the user's wishes.
So what is the purpose of Gold Bright's translation of "rich breast and fat hips"? Through the understanding of his deeds and his speech on translation studies, it is not difficult to deduce that the main purpose of Gold Bright's translation of culture loaded words is to spread Chinese culture to the west, and the purpose of communication is to make western readers understand Chinese culture concretely. In detail, the translator takes this goal as a starting point, taking full consideration of readers' acceptance and understanding, using transliteration and literal translation as the main translation strategy, and doing appropriate adaptation in translation to help readers overcome cultural barriers. At the same time, Gold Bright also adopted other translation strategies, such as free translation, substitution, translation, subtraction, and provincial translation. It is a little helpful to preserve the original flavor of Chinese culture and to satisfy the interest of Western readers. It can be said that Gold Bright's translation is full and successful. His translation has made outstanding contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West.
This paper, guided by skopos theory, aims to study the translation strategy of "rich breast and fat buttocks" in culture loaded words. In the former study, the author made an analysis of Howard Gold Bright's English translation and tried to find out from the three ways: first, the author will classify the culture loaded words in "rich breast and fat buttocks", and try to find out. Second, the author will make a detailed case analysis to explain the translation strategies used by the translator to deal with the culture loaded words. Finally, the author points out the defects of the two translators to deal with the culture loaded words. The author hopes that this paper can translate the culture loaded words in other literary works in the future. Put forward useful suggestions and assist translation readers to overcome cultural barriers.
This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is a summary of the full text, clarifies the significance of the study, introduces the research background and the structure of the article. With the rapid development of the process of globalization, different cultural elements attract more and more scholars' attention in the field of cultural communication, especially the attention of the translators. Cultural factors have been difficult to attack during the translation process. For the translator, it is necessary for the translator to seek and test a proper method of translation, which helps to solve the translation problems of culture loaded words and related expressions.
The second chapter carries out a literature review. First, explain the definition of culture and explain its relationship with language and translation. Then, the author makes a comprehensive discussion on the related studies of culture loaded words, defines the cultural load words, puts forward relevant translation difficulties, and explains the common problems in detail.
The third chapter makes a detailed explanation of Skopos theory. First, it makes a definition of it. Secondly, it gives a brief overview of the essence of Skopos Theory and points out the core ideas of the theory, that is, the purpose, translation requirements, faithfulness and sufficiency. Again, the three basic principles of the Skopos theory are the original principles of the purpose, the principle of coherence and the principle of loyalty. Finally, the chapter will be given out. Several advantages of Skopos theory.
The fourth chapter puts forward the research questions, research methods and data collection approaches. This paper mainly uses qualitative research methods to analyze the novel "rich breast and fat hips", and all examples and data are taken from this book.
The fifth chapter makes a specific study on the translation of "rich breast and hips" in culture loaded words. First, based on Nida's cultural type, the author classifies the culture loaded words in "rich breast and hips". The author has filled out five forms and clearly listed all the cultural load words and corresponding translations in the book. The author according to Gold Bright's collection The content of the story and the speech material, deduce the purpose of the translator's translation of the novel, and then study the application of the translation strategy of "rich breast fat" from the point of view of Skopos theory. The author also makes a supplement to the two shortcomings in the translation. Finally, the author explores the relevant suggestions for translating cultural negative words.
The sixth chapter is a summary of the full text. The author puts forward the limitations of the study and puts forward some feasible suggestions for future translation studies related to culture loaded words.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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