认知语言学视域下《无名的裘德》通感隐喻汉译研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 20:45

【摘要】：通感，在传统的修辞学上一直被认为是语言的一种修辞技巧。但随着认知语言学研究的发展和盛行，通感已不仅是一种修辞手段，也是一种隐喻，是人们进行思考和行动的认知模式。人的五官是相通的，某一感官受到的刺激会给另一感官带来类似的感受。通感隐喻结构中的源域和目的域在日常逻辑分类系统中属于不同的感官范畴，它们产生的相异性（即语义冲突）就是通感隐喻意义构建的基本条件(王彩丽,2004:40-41)。通感隐喻的独特之处在于利用描述一种感官印象的的词语来表现出另一种感官印象，，两个或多个感官域之间的映射和迁移成就了一种独特的审美效果。通感隐喻可以说是一般隐喻的特例，可以从认知角度进行研究和分析。通感现象呈等级分布，在语言表达上，表示低级感觉的词用来修饰较高级感觉的词，反向的用例明显较少(李国南,1996:39)。通常所提到的感官主要包括五种，从低级到高级依次如下：触觉、味觉、嗅觉、听觉和视觉。事实上，通感隐喻恰恰主要反映的是人物心理活动（心理状态、情感变化），心理活动引起了感官间的交流沟通，进而使两种或多种感觉融为一体。就翻译研究而言，认知视角下的通感隐喻翻译仍是一个比较新的话题。对于文学作品中通感隐喻的翻译是否恰当探讨还不多见，系统和细致的分析和探讨更是凤毛麟角。小说《无名的裘德》是哈代的封笔之作，他自称要写出“灵与肉的生死搏斗”。小说中主要角色偏少，人物的心理活动丰富，作者以一种悲怆的笔调描述了乡村青年裘德一生的悲剧。主人公裘德勤奋好学，刻苦自修，却始终被拒之大学门外；在婚姻上，他与表妹苏的爱情亦为教会所不容。在双重打击下他年仅三十岁即含恨而终。裘德可以说是一个矛盾的个体，始终在理想的追求与现实的残酷中挣扎。在主人公大量心理活动的牵引下，小说产生了大量通感隐喻。本论文以认知语言学为视角，以通感隐喻的相关研究成果为理论基础，通过对《无名的裘德》三个汉译文本的对比分析，探讨了英语通感隐喻汉译的原则与策略，期望为英汉通感隐喻翻译提供一定启示。
[Abstract]:Synaesthesia, in traditional rhetoric, has always been regarded as a rhetorical technique of language. However, with the development and prevalence of cognitive linguistics, synaesthesia is not only a rhetorical device, but also a metaphor and a cognitive model for people to think and act on. A person's facial features are interlinked, and the stimulation of one sense will bring similar feelings to the other. The source domain and the destination domain in synaesthesia metaphor structure belong to different sensory categories in the daily logical classification system, and their difference (i.e. semantic conflict) is the basic condition for the construction of synaesthesia metaphor meaning (Wang Caili, 2004 / 40 / 40 / 41). Synaesthesia metaphor is unique in that the words describing one sensory impression are used to express another sensory impression. The mapping and transfer between two or more sensory domains make a unique aesthetic effect. Synaesthesia metaphor can be regarded as a special case of general metaphor and can be studied and analyzed from the perspective of cognition. Synaesthesia has a hierarchical distribution. In terms of language expression, the words used to denote the lower sense are used to modify the higher sense, and the reverse use cases are obviously fewer (Li Guonan, 1996 / 39). The five senses are usually mentioned, from low to high: tactile, taste, olfactory, auditory, and visual. In fact, synaesthesia metaphor mainly reflects the character's psychological activity (psychological state, emotional change). Psychological activity causes the communication between the senses, and then makes two or more kinds of sensations become one. As far as translation studies are concerned, synaesthesia metaphor translation from the perspective of cognition is still a relatively new topic. It is rare to discuss the proper translation of synaesthesia metaphor in literary works, and systematic and meticulous analysis and discussion are rare. Jude, the unknown, is a sealed work by Hardy, who claims to write "the fight between the Spirit and the flesh." There are few main characters in the novel and the psychological activities of the characters are abundant. The author describes the tragedy of Jude's life in a sorrowful style. Jude, the protagonist, studied hard, but was always rejected from the university. In marriage, his love with his cousin Su was not acceptable to the church. He died of hatred when he was only thirty years old under a double blow. Jude can be said to be a contradictory individual, always struggling in the pursuit of ideal and the cruelty of reality. Under the traction of a large number of psychological activities of the protagonist, the novel produces a large number of synaesthetical metaphors. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper discusses the principles and strategies of synaesthetical metaphor translation from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, based on the comparative analysis of the three Chinese translation texts of Jude, the unknown, and the related research results of synaesthetical metaphor in the English language, based on the contrastive analysis of the three Chinese translation texts of Jude the unknown. It is expected to provide some inspiration for the translation of synaesthetical metaphors in English and Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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