译者翻译能力视角下《干校六记》两个英译本对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 03:33

本文选题：《干校六记》 + 风格再现　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《干校六记》是著名散文家杨绛在结束干校生活回京八年后,模仿清代文学家沈复的作品《浮生六记》撰写的一部回忆性散文集。作者没有运用辛辣的文字对文化大革命进行歇斯底里的控诉,而是用朴实而不平凡的语言描述了运动中的生活琐事,展现了夫妻之间相濡以沫之情,人与动物之间的真挚友情和人性的坚忍,让读者在字里行间感受运动的荒谬和对人性的摧残。同时,文中不乏幽默的描述、反讽和双关等修辞手法和文化意象的运用。再现原作的遣词造句、文化意象、修辞手法和含蓄的写作风格对于译者而言无疑是一个巨大的挑战。作品自出版后,澳大利亚学者白杰明、美国汉学家葛浩文和中国旅美翻译家章楚都将其翻译成英文。其中葛浩文与章楚都有多年翻译经验,前者是从事文学翻译多年的中国现当代文学首席翻译家,后者是从事公文翻译多年的旅美联合国译者。由于两者的翻译能力存在差异,必然在再现原著风格时也存在差别。就翻译能力而言,国内外学者有着不同的阐释,本文作者在德国学者纽伯特有关翻译能力观点的基础上提出翻译能力由审美能力、主题能力、语言能力、文化能力、语篇能力和转换能力组成,并结合原著特点,从译者在审美、主题、语言、文化、语篇、转换层面的表现对其两个译本进行对比研究,意图不在于判断和衡量两者翻译能力的高低,而在于学习两者在再现原著风格的技巧与策略。通过对比研究,作者发现虽然两者都捕捉到原著风格,熟悉主题背景,但是在再现原作语言风格、处理文化意象和语篇衔接方面存在明显差异。其中葛浩文的译本语言更加贴近原作风格,文化现象术语的处理体现了读者意识,语篇衔接更加紧密。由此可见,译者不仅要具备审美和获取相关主题知识的能力,更要有读者意识,培养语言运用能力,增强文化意识和语篇转换能力,从而提高译本可读性。希望中国文学译者和翻译教学人员能从中受到启发,加强对译者翻译能力不同方面的培养,从而对中国文学走向世界所有帮助。
[Abstract]:The six chapters of Gan School is a collection of reminiscent prose written by Yang Jiang, a famous essayist, eight years after his return to Beijing.Instead of making hysterical accusations of the Cultural Revolution with bitter words, the author uses plain and extraordinary language to describe the trivia of life in the movement, showing the love between husband and wife.The sincere friendship between human beings and animals and the tenacity of human nature make readers feel the absurdity of the movement and the destruction of human nature between the lines.At the same time, there is no lack of humorous description, irony and pun and other rhetorical devices and the use of cultural images.It is undoubtedly a great challenge for translators to reproduce the original words, cultural images, rhetorical devices and implicit writing styles.Since its publication, Australian scholar Benjamin, American sinologist William Geoffin and Chinese translator Zhang Chu have translated it into English.Among them, both GE Haowen and Zhang Chu have many years of translation experience. The former is the chief translator of modern and contemporary Chinese literature who has been engaged in literary translation for many years, and the latter is the United Nations translator who has been working in the United States for many years in the translation of official documents.Due to the differences in their translation abilities, there must be differences in the reproduction of the original style.In terms of translation competence, scholars at home and abroad have different interpretations. Based on the views of German scholar Neubert on translation competence, the author proposes that translation competence consists of aesthetic competence, thematic competence, linguistic competence and cultural competence.Combining with the characteristics of the original text, the author makes a contrastive study of the two versions from the aspects of aesthetics, theme, language, culture, discourse and transformation.The intention is not to judge and measure the translation ability of the two, but to learn the skills and strategies to reproduce the original style.Through a comparative study, the author finds that although both of them capture the original style and are familiar with the theme background, there are obvious differences in the reproduction of the original language style, the handling of the cultural image and the cohesion of the text.Among them, the translation language of Gehor is closer to the original style, and the handling of cultural phenomenon terms embodies the reader's consciousness and the cohesion of the text is closer.It can be seen that the translator should not only have the ability of aesthetic appreciation and acquisition of relevant subject knowledge, but also should have the awareness of readers, cultivate the ability to use language, enhance cultural awareness and the ability of text conversion, thus improving the readability of the translation.It is hoped that Chinese literary translators and translation teachers will be inspired to strengthen the cultivation of different aspects of translators' translation competence, thus helping Chinese literature to move towards the world.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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