从贝尼尼看巴洛克精神的非理性之光

发布时间：2018-07-02 22:37

本文选题：巴洛克艺术 + 贝尼尼　；参考：《郑州大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 巴洛克是产生于16世纪下半期并于17世纪在欧洲兴盛并广为流传的一种艺术形式。在大多数欧洲的语言中,巴洛克都有过类似“过分”、“反常”、“怪异”、“不和规则”等意思,因为其艺术风格大异于正统的古典主义。也正是由于此,巴洛克艺术长期以来被人们所误解。这种情况一直到19世纪末开始改变,人们对巴洛克这种艺术形式越来越重视,并且逐渐总结出巴洛克艺术具有华丽壮观,充满激情,富于变化,强调运动,宗教色彩浓厚和综合性等特征。而巴洛克艺术特征的形成主要是受三方面因素的影响:一是动荡的社会环境使人们的审美观念呈多元化趋势,不再奉古典主义为圭臬;二是宗教势力、封建贵族和资产阶级三股势力分别出于为其自身利益服务的目的,而对巴洛克艺术推崇和支持;三是科学技术的发展极大的解放了人们的思想,拓展了人们的眼界,艺术家把科技成果运用于作品创作之中,这也推动了巴洛克艺术的形成和发展。而以巴洛克艺术大师贝尼尼为例,详细分析他进入教廷前后,英诺森十世时期和最后的岁月四个人生创作的不同阶段及其《大卫》、《圣德列萨的狂喜》、《罗马的圣彼得广场》以及《四条河喷泉》等代表作品,可以发现这其中具体体现了巴洛克艺术的几乎所有主要特征。通过对贝尼尼为代表的巴洛克艺术家所呈现给我们的巴洛克艺术进行深入剖析,我们发现巴洛克的精神内涵恰恰是蕴含其中的非理性的积极因素。非理性能够成为巴洛克艺术创作的主要动力之一,还是要归因于17世纪以来人本主义的进一步发展和社会由于各种激烈矛盾所形成的社会动荡,以及在这种矛盾中的社会进步,这些都促使处于焦躁和郁闷中的艺术家们极度渴望以一种不同以往的新的艺术样式——“非理性”的去抒发情感。在巴洛克艺术中非理性主要有主体意识,由生命冲动和自由意志的驱使而产生的“动势”以及在艺术中用心灵的本真还原艺术的真实这三方面的表现形式。巴洛克的精神内涵——非理性的积极因素对后世的文学艺术领域都有传承和影响,尤其在近代印象派绘画以及现代主义文学中表现的更为明显。
[Abstract]:Baroque was born in the second half of the 16 th century and flourished in Europe in the 17 th century. In most European languages, Baroque has the meaning of "excessive", "abnormal", "weird", "dissonant rule" because its artistic style is quite different from orthodox classicism. Because of this, Baroque art has been misunderstood for a long time. This situation began to change until the end of the 19th century, when more and more attention was paid to the art form of Baroque, and it was gradually concluded that the art of Baroque was magnificent, passionate, varied and emphasized movement. Religious color is strong and comprehensive and other characteristics. The formation of Baroque's artistic characteristics is mainly influenced by three factors: first, the turbulent social environment makes people's aesthetic concept pluralistic, no longer a classic as the standard; second, religious forces, The feudal aristocrats and the bourgeoisie advocated and supported Baroque art respectively for the purpose of serving their own interests; third, the development of science and technology greatly liberated people's minds and broadened their horizons. Artists applied scientific and technological achievements to their works, which promoted the formation and development of Baroque art. Take Baroque's master of art, Benigni, as an example, and analyze in detail before and after he entered the Holy see. Four different stages of life creation in the tenth and last years of Innoson-David, ecstasy of Saint-Delesa, St. Peter's Square in Rome, and Fountain of the four Rivers, etc. It can be found that it embodies almost all the main features of Baroque art. By analyzing the Baroque art presented to us by Baroque artists represented by Benigni, we find that the spiritual connotation of Baroque is the positive factor of irrationality. Irrationality can become one of the main driving forces of Baroque's artistic creation, or should it be attributed to the further development of humanism since the 17th century and the social unrest caused by various fierce contradictions, and the social progress in this contradiction, All of these urge the anxious and depressed artists to express their feelings in a new artistic style different from the past-irrational. In the Baroque art, the non-rationality mainly has the subjective consciousness, the movement which is driven by the impulse of life and the free will, and the expression form of restoring the truth of the art with the true of the soul in the art. Baroque's spiritual intension-the positive factor of irrationality has inherited and influenced the later literary and artistic field, especially in the modern Impressionist painting and modernism literature.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：J110.9

【引证文献】