从语用顺应论视角看文学翻译

发布时间：2018-08-08 21:23

【摘要】： 耶夫.维索尔伦语用顺应论从认知、社会、文化的整体视角解释语言的使用。认为语言的使用即是在不同意识程度下为顺应交际的需要而不断做出选择的过程,在选择顺应框架内,翻译就是译者在不同意识程度下动态地对译文语境以及语言结构等层面做出顺应性选择的语言转换和文化传递的过程。文学作品是用语言进行创作的艺术,其语言特征、文化传播及其表情达意、审美、感化等功能决定了文学翻译的特殊性和复杂性。鉴于文学翻译的特点,本文试图从语用顺应论这个全新的角度研究文学翻译,指出在语用顺应论视角下文学翻译过程也是一个选择和顺应的过程。译者在翻译过程中首先对语言结构的顺应,其涉及到语言、语码和文体等的选择以及从一系列话语构筑的要素中做出选择和顺应。其次,译者要顺应源语作者和译文读者所处的交际语境和语言语境,译者在做出语言选择时,要顺应译文读者的心理世界、社交世界和物理世界。同时要考虑两种语言不同的衔接原则,互文性的转移和语序规则。动态顺应表明文学翻译是一个动态发展的过程。从微观上看,文学翻译过程中语言结构对语境的顺应及意义的生成也是一个动态的过程。在宏观上,要顺应社会环境、历史渊源、经济方式、地理环境和宗教信仰等。译者在做出选择和顺应的过程中会表现出不同的意识程度,其中会受到译者的元语用意识,译者的目的,译文的社会意识形态和语言意识形态等因素的影响。本文通过大量的文学翻译实例分析后得出:语用顺应理论对文学翻译具有很强的解释力,在文学翻译中无论译者是采用节译、全译、直译、意译,还是采取归化或异化、增译、减译、加注,或者其他的策略和技巧,都是为了实现最大程度的语言、语境的顺应而做出的选择。在语用顺应论下,我们能够建立一个文学翻译的顺应性框架,来研究这些制约因素在翻译选择过程中的作用。将其应用于文学翻译,为文学翻译研究提供了一个新的思路,也为文学翻译批评提供了有力的依据。
[Abstract]:Yee. Visorun's pragmatic adaptation Theory explains the use of language from the perspective of cognition, society and culture. It is believed that language use is the process of making continuous choices to adapt to the needs of communication at different levels of consciousness, and within the framework of choice adaptation. Translation is the process of language conversion and cultural transmission in which the translator dynamically chooses the adaptation of the target language context and language structure to different degrees of consciousness. Literary works are the art of language creation. Their features of language, cultural communication, expression, aesthetics, influence and so on determine the particularity and complexity of literary translation. In view of the characteristics of literary translation, this paper attempts to study literary translation from the perspective of pragmatic adaptation theory, and points out that the process of literary translation is also a process of choice and adaptation from the perspective of pragmatic adaptation theory. In the process of translation, the translator first adapts to the structure of language, which involves the choice of language, code and style, as well as the choice and adaptation from a series of elements of discourse construction. Secondly, the translator should adapt to the communicative context and linguistic context of the source language author and the target reader, and the translator should adapt to the psychological world, social world and physical world of the target reader when making language choices. At the same time, the principle of cohesion, the transfer of intertextuality and the rules of word order should be considered. Dynamic adaptation shows that literary translation is a dynamic process. From the micro point of view, the adaptation of language structure to context and the generation of meaning in literary translation are also a dynamic process. Macroscopically, we should conform to social environment, historical origin, economic mode, geographical environment and religious belief. In the process of making choices and adaptations, the translator will show different levels of consciousness, which will be influenced by the translator's meta-pragmatic consciousness, the translator's purpose, the social ideology and the linguistic ideology of the target text. Based on the analysis of a large number of literary translation examples, this paper concludes that pragmatic adaptation theory has a strong explanatory power in literary translation. In literary translation, whether the translator adopts abstract translation, complete translation, literal translation, free translation, or domestication or foreignization, increase translation. Subtraction, annotation, or other strategies and techniques are all choices made to maximize linguistic and contextual adaptation. Under pragmatic adaptation theory, we can establish an adaptation framework for literary translation to study the role of these constraints in the process of translation selection. Its application in literary translation provides a new way of thinking for literary translation studies and a powerful basis for literary translation criticism.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H059;I046

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