被操纵的操纵者——斯奈德对寒山诗的译介
发布时间：2018-11-26 19:45
【摘要】： 翻译研究在20世纪70年代开始文化转向,从那开始,翻译研究不再仅仅局限于语言层面,而是将翻译置于文化、社会、历史的宏观语境下进行探讨,由此拓展了翻译研究的视野,开辟了翻译研究的新角度。在这一过程中,多种文化学派的理论成果层出不穷,而勒菲弗尔的改写操纵理论在其中具有特殊地位。勒菲弗尔提出一切翻译都是改写,改写受到意识形态、诗学、赞助人等因素在各方面的操控。这一观点突出了文化因素在翻译过程中的重要地位,凸现了译者的主体作用,推动了翻译研究的文化转向,为我们提供了从意识形态、诗学、赞助人因素等方面来研究翻译的思路,并能有效地回答译者如何选择翻译材料和翻译策略等具体的问题,使我们能更深刻地认识翻译现象。 加里·斯耐德翻译的寒山诗是翻译史上一个十分特殊的现象。首先,寒山及其诗歌在中国本土始终未入主流,然而经由翻译这一媒介,寒山及其诗歌在美国大放异彩,寒山成为“垮掉的一代”以及嬉皮士的精神偶像,斯奈德翻译的寒山诗也成为美国文学的经典之作。其次,斯奈德在整个翻译过程中进行了多方面的改写。他的改写并不是无章可依,而是受到意识形态的操纵。有时候,他为了顺应当时的主流意识形态而进行改写；有时候,他又为了达到某一目的而不惜违背主流意识形态。斯奈德的个人意识形态和他的主体性在后一种情况中得到淋漓尽致的体现。 有鉴于此,本文尝试以安德烈·勒菲弗尔的操纵理论为理论基础,以斯奈德的英译寒山诗为研究对象,试图得出翻译作品其实是译者和意识形态进行协商的结果这一结论。 论文有四个章节组成。第一章介绍操纵理论以及影响翻译的两大因素：意识形态和诗学。同时还阐述了译者主体性。第二章介绍了寒山,寒山诗以及寒山诗的特点。在宋朝时期,寒山开始了他的跨国之旅。他的诗首先被翻译到韩国和日本,直到上世纪五十年代才被翻译到美国。因为斯奈德的寒山诗译文在美国的影响最大,所以本文以他的译文作为案例进行分析。第三章阐述了斯奈德对寒山诗的操纵,主要体现在对原文的理解,翻译策略和翻译方法的选择,译文的语言特色,以及对美国读者的影响这四个方面。第四章介绍了二十世纪五十年代美国的主流意识形态和诗学。作者提出斯奈德的翻译主要受到当时意识形态和诗学的操纵。一方面受到主流意识形态和诗学的影响,另一方面又受他个人意识形态和诗学的影响。斯奈德的英译寒山诗实际上是斯奈德与意识形态和诗学的出色协商。
[Abstract]:Since the cultural turn of translation studies began in the 1970s, translation studies have not only been confined to the linguistic level, but also placed translation in the macro context of culture, society and history. This has broadened the perspective of translation studies and opened up a new perspective of translation studies. In this process, many kinds of cultural schools of theoretical achievements emerge in endlessly, and Lefevere's theory of rewriting manipulation plays a special role in it. Lefevere proposed that all translation is rewritten, and rewriting is controlled by ideology, poetics, patronage and other factors. This view highlights the important position of cultural factors in the process of translation, highlights the subjective role of the translator, promotes the cultural turn of translation studies, and provides us with an approach from ideology and poetics. The patron factor can effectively answer the specific questions about how the translator chooses the translation materials and translation strategies, so that we can understand the translation phenomenon more deeply. The translation of Han Shan poems by Gary Snyder is a very special phenomenon in the history of translation. First of all, Hanshan and its poetry have never been in the mainstream in China. However, through the medium of translation, Hanshan and his poems have become the "broken generation" and the spiritual idol of hippies. Snyder's translated Han Shan poetry has also become a classic in American literature. Secondly, Snyder rewrites in many ways throughout the translation process. His rewriting is not without rules, but is manipulated by ideology. Sometimes he rewrites to conform to the prevailing ideology of the time; sometimes he goes against it in order to achieve a certain purpose. Snyder's personal ideology and his subjectivity are reflected vividly in the latter situation. Based on Andre Lefevere's manipulation theory and Snyder's English translation of Hanshan poems, this paper attempts to draw the conclusion that the translated works are actually the result of the negotiation between the translator and the ideology. The paper consists of four chapters. Chapter one introduces the manipulation theory and the two factors that influence translation: ideology and poetics. At the same time, it expounds the translator's subjectivity. The second chapter introduces the characteristics of Hanshan, Hanshan poetry and Hanshan poetry. During the Song Dynasty, Hanshan began his transnational journey. His poems were first translated to Korea and Japan and not translated to the United States until the 1950s. Since Snyder's translation of Hanshan poems has the greatest influence in the United States, this paper takes his translation as a case study. The third chapter expounds Snyder's manipulation of Hanshan's poems, which is mainly embodied in four aspects: the understanding of the original text, the choice of translation strategies and methods, the linguistic characteristics of the translation, and the influence on American readers. The fourth chapter introduces the American mainstream ideology and poetics in the 1950 s. The author argues that Snyder's translation was dominated by ideology and poetics at that time. On the one hand, it is influenced by mainstream ideology and poetics, on the other hand, it is influenced by his personal ideology and poetics. Snyder's English translation of Hanshan poetry is actually an excellent negotiation between Snyder and ideology and poetics.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H315.9;I046
本文编号：2359452
[Abstract]:Since the cultural turn of translation studies began in the 1970s, translation studies have not only been confined to the linguistic level, but also placed translation in the macro context of culture, society and history. This has broadened the perspective of translation studies and opened up a new perspective of translation studies. In this process, many kinds of cultural schools of theoretical achievements emerge in endlessly, and Lefevere's theory of rewriting manipulation plays a special role in it. Lefevere proposed that all translation is rewritten, and rewriting is controlled by ideology, poetics, patronage and other factors. This view highlights the important position of cultural factors in the process of translation, highlights the subjective role of the translator, promotes the cultural turn of translation studies, and provides us with an approach from ideology and poetics. The patron factor can effectively answer the specific questions about how the translator chooses the translation materials and translation strategies, so that we can understand the translation phenomenon more deeply. The translation of Han Shan poems by Gary Snyder is a very special phenomenon in the history of translation. First of all, Hanshan and its poetry have never been in the mainstream in China. However, through the medium of translation, Hanshan and his poems have become the "broken generation" and the spiritual idol of hippies. Snyder's translated Han Shan poetry has also become a classic in American literature. Secondly, Snyder rewrites in many ways throughout the translation process. His rewriting is not without rules, but is manipulated by ideology. Sometimes he rewrites to conform to the prevailing ideology of the time; sometimes he goes against it in order to achieve a certain purpose. Snyder's personal ideology and his subjectivity are reflected vividly in the latter situation. Based on Andre Lefevere's manipulation theory and Snyder's English translation of Hanshan poems, this paper attempts to draw the conclusion that the translated works are actually the result of the negotiation between the translator and the ideology. The paper consists of four chapters. Chapter one introduces the manipulation theory and the two factors that influence translation: ideology and poetics. At the same time, it expounds the translator's subjectivity. The second chapter introduces the characteristics of Hanshan, Hanshan poetry and Hanshan poetry. During the Song Dynasty, Hanshan began his transnational journey. His poems were first translated to Korea and Japan and not translated to the United States until the 1950s. Since Snyder's translation of Hanshan poems has the greatest influence in the United States, this paper takes his translation as a case study. The third chapter expounds Snyder's manipulation of Hanshan's poems, which is mainly embodied in four aspects: the understanding of the original text, the choice of translation strategies and methods, the linguistic characteristics of the translation, and the influence on American readers. The fourth chapter introduces the American mainstream ideology and poetics in the 1950 s. The author argues that Snyder's translation was dominated by ideology and poetics at that time. On the one hand, it is influenced by mainstream ideology and poetics, on the other hand, it is influenced by his personal ideology and poetics. Snyder's English translation of Hanshan poetry is actually an excellent negotiation between Snyder and ideology and poetics.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：H315.9;I046
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 毛晓旭;从切斯特曼的翻译规范论看斯奈德的寒山诗英译[D];郑州大学;2013年
，本文编号：2359452
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