浅谈芥川龙之介文学创作的虚无思想

发布时间：2018-01-11 00:08

本文关键词：浅谈芥川龙之介文学创作的虚无思想　出处：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：芥川龙之介(1892—1927)是日本著名作家，也可以说是新思潮派的代表作家。在贫困的现实生活中，母亲的发病、父亲事业的失败以及初恋的失意给他精神上带来了极大痛苦，造成了他成年后患上了神经衰弱等多种疾病。同时，这一切又使他倍感孤独。在当时资本主义发展的大背景下，对利己主义的不满，对资本主义现实的憎恶，如恶魔般侵蚀着他，使其产生一种悲观厌世、虚无的思想。1927年，这位日本文坛上的巨匠如樱花般在其文学生涯达其顶峰时与世长辞。观其创作，自1915年第一篇历史小说《罗生门》问世以来，在短短的12年里，这位天才般的作家，用自己独特的手法和新颖的艺术视角写出了148篇小说，还有大量的散文、评论。这些精美的佳作，技巧纯熟、构思奇特、语言简练、情节更是引人入胜，使其在日本文坛上享有“鬼才”之称。芥川龙之介深受怀疑主义、厌世主义、虚无主义的影响。纵观芥川龙之介的作品，在思想内容上，他极力表达对生存状态中虚无的审视和在痛苦困境挣扎后产生的虚无。芥川龙之介深刻剖析人物的心理状态，将下层人们的悲欢离合，通过其作品进行充分哲理化的艺术加工，再把生活中的现实折射出来，并注入新的生命，给今人以借鉴和反省。不过他虽然努力去寻找时代和社会的病根，但却没有力量去解决现实的丑恶问题，于是企图调和现实与理想之问的距离，从现实中寻找理想的可能性，企图从艺术中拂去不和谐的人生。他对资本主义体制、道德和现代社会种种束缚怀有不满。其创作思想上从对人生的解释、批判、追求、不安转为对人生、社会的不满和憎恶以及对前途毁灭的意识。这也正是他对待人生的态度，导致最终无法自拔。本论文由序论、正文和结论三部分组成。主要内容如下：第一部分是序论。包括先行研究，研究方法，预期目标。在此基础上说明“虚无思想”的内涵，以及本论文的研究方向。第二部分是正文。首先阐述芥川龙之介的成长经历及其创作特色。介绍了特殊的成长环境对其形成虚无主义人生观的影响。通过对芥川龙之介早期、中期、晚期作品的解读，了解其艺术风格和创作动机，以及各个时期作品的思想内涵，为探求其作品中的虚无思想做好铺垫。然后介绍了当时资本主义制度的特殊时代背景下，虚无意识对人们的世界观、人生观的渗透。即虽然物质上丰富了，但是人们的生活方式、思维方式、价值观念都发生了巨大的变化。人与人之间变的冷漠，甚至社会上到处充斥着金钱至上的观念。人们变得茫然，不知道自己究竟想追求什么。自我价值逐渐丧失。而这种变化在芥川龙之介的在文学作品中被体现得淋漓尽致。本论文以芥川龙之介的名作《罗生门》、《鼻》、《芋粥》为中心，分别从人与社会环境关系、人与他人关系、人与自我关系三个方面对其作品中所产生的虚无思想进行深刻剖析，揭示了人性的本质。然后，从作者的角度出发，阐述了虚无思想对其人生的影响。作者生活中的苦痛，，对生存的绝望，对人性的反思，对艺术追求的破灭，对未来的不安等均来自于虚无的思想。为了寻求内心的安定，也为了摆脱虚无思想的控制，寻求从虚无中彻底解脱，作者不得不采取了极端的方式。留给后人的是对人生的意义的重新思索。最后是结论部分。综上所论述内容得出结论，并提出今后有待研究的课题。本论文通过虚无思想来探究芥川龙之介的各个时期文学创作的心路历程，从而得出芥川龙之介是从拘泥于虚无到摆脱虚无的结论。
[Abstract]:Akutagawa Ryunosuke (1892 - 1927) is a famous Japanese writer, also can say is a representative writer of xinsichaopai. In the reality of poverty in life, mother's disease, the cause of the failure of frustrated father and first love to his spirit has brought great pain, causing his adult suffering from neurasthenia and other diseases at the same time. All of this, and made him feel lonely. In the background of capitalist development, the egoism of discontent, the reality of capitalism as demonic hatred, eroding him, which creates an empty.1927 be pessimistic and worldweary, thought, master of the Japanese literary world such as the cherry blossom in his literary career reached its peak died. View its creation, since 1915 the first historical novel "Rashomon" appeared in a short span of 12 years, the talented writer, write your own unique style and original artistic perspective The 148 novels, there are a lot of prose commentary. These exquisite masterpiece, skillful, unique, concise language, the plot is fascinating, so that in the Japanese literary world to enjoy the "Wizard" said.
Akutagawa Ryunosuke was deeply influenced by skepticism and pessimism, nihilism. In Akutagawa Ryunosuke's works, in the ideological content, he tried to express to the review and in pain after struggling the nothingness of the survival state of nothingness. Akutagawa Ryunosuke profound analysis of the psychological states of the characters, the lower people's grief at separation and joy in union art processing, full of philosophic theory by it works, then the reality of life reflected, and inject new life to people in order to reference and reflection. But although he tried hard to find the root cause of the era and society, but have no power to solve the problem of ugly reality, so in an attempt to reconcile the distance between ideal and reality, the possibility of looking for the ideal from reality the attempt from the art of life. He brushed the disharmony of the capitalist system, ethics and modern society have bound their creative thinking dissatisfaction. From the interpretation, criticism, pursuit and unrest of life to the sense of dissatisfaction and hatred for life and society and the sense of future destruction, this is also his attitude towards life, which leads to the ultimate inability to extricate himself.
This thesis is composed of preface, text and conclusion of three parts. The main contents are as follows: the first part is the introduction. Including previous research, research methods, the expected goal. On the basis of the connotation of "nothingness", as well as the research direction.
The second part is the main body. Firstly, the growth experience of Akutagawa Ryunosuke and its creative features. This paper introduces the special growth environment influence the formation of nihilism outlook on it. By the middle of the early, late Akutagawa Ryunosuke, interpretation of works, understand its artistic style and creative motivation, and each time the connotation of the works, in order to pave the way for the search in the works of nihilism. Then introduces the special background of the capitalist system, nihilism on people's world outlook, outlook on life. Although the penetration of material wealth, but the people's way of life, way of thinking, values have undergone tremendous changes. Between people become indifferent. Even the society is full of money supremacy. People become confused, don't know what I want. What the pursuit of self value and the change in the lost gradually. Akutagawa Ryunosuke in the literary works are embodied most incisive. In this paper, Akutagawa Ryunosuke's masterpiece < Rashomon >, < < > > the nose, taro porridge as the center, from the relationship between human and social environment, the relationship between people and others, deeply analyzes three aspects of people and self generated in its work in nothingness thought, reveals the essence of human nature.
Then, starting from the author's point of view, expounds the influence of the nothingness of life. The life of pain, despair of survival, reflection of human nature, the pursuit of art burst, unease about the future are from nothingness thoughts. In order to seek inner peace, in order to get rid of the control of nothingness thought, seek completely free from nothing, the author had to take the extreme way. For posterity is re thinking about the meaning of life.
The last part is the conclusion. To sum up the contents of this conclusion, and put forward the future research topic. This paper through nothingness to explore Akutagawa Ryunosuke's literary creation in different periods of the journey, so that Akutagawa Ryunosuke is from the stick to get rid of the nothingness of the nothingness conclusion.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313.074

【共引文献】