对《喧嚣与骚动》中福克纳黑人歧视的复调阐释

发布时间：2018-02-01 00:52

本文关键词： 复调福克纳《喧嚣与骚动》黛西种族歧视　出处：《浙江财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《喧嚣与骚动》是福克纳最具有代表性的一部作品。一直以来，来自世界各地的研究者以不同的角度对它进行着研究。在各种不同的研究议题中，福克纳对黑人的态度往往是人们竞相争论的一个重要课题，而且从未达成过一致的结论。论文在巴赫金复调理论和韦恩·布斯的隐含作者理论的基础上，找出文中的五个声音，分别是：班吉，昆丁，杰生，黛西和作者的声音。通过对这五个声音进行分析发现昆丁，杰生，和作者的声音和黛西的声音有着强烈的对比。从黛西自己的声音显示出她的独立自强和人性的魅力，而从其他人的声音中却体现了她的奴性。此论文分为四章，第一章是对福克纳的简介以及对福克纳黑人观的相关研究，特别是对黑人女仆的研究。第二章是对复调理论的阐释和它的特点分析，旨在通过该理论找出作品中的各个声音：“傻子”班吉的声音，“精神敏感者”昆丁的声音，“偏执狂”杰生的声音还有“旁观者”黛西的声音。所有这些声音为第三章详细的研究铺平了道路。第三章是论文中最重要的一章。在这一章中，通过对作品中各个声音仔细的文本分析，抽丝剥茧找到证据，进而得出福克纳和康普生家族各个成员难以摆脱白人的身份，对黛西亦然有着种族歧视。这部分中韦恩·布斯的隐含的作者的理论用来找出隐含的作者的声音。论文得出在昆丁，杰生和作者隐含的声音中黛西的形象是一种听从使唤的温顺的奴隶形象，她满身都充满着对康普生家族忠心耿耿的奴性。这个形象和作品中第四章黛西自己的独立自强声音是截然不同的。通过这些声音的对比可以发现，福克纳并没有给予他的黑人角色以更多的人性。事实上，在他的心底，他亦然难以摆脱自己是白人的意识形态。他亦然是在俯视这他的黑人女仆的角色，赋予她的也是同情与怜悯。因此，论文最后的结论是在《喧嚣与骚动》中，福克纳依然摆脱不了种族歧视。该论文的意义在三个方面。首先，《喧嚣与骚动》是一部诺贝尔得奖作品，福克纳使用了很多新的叙述技巧和艺术手段，它将哲学、叙述和梦境编织成了一曲和谐的旋律，对它的研究是十分值得的。其次，福克纳的黑人观一直都是饱受争议的一个话题。不同的研究者以各种不同的角度对它进行研究，而将复调理论与他的黑人观结合起来研究是很少的。用新方法来阐释一个老话题，，我想也算是个创新。最后，通过研究这部作品，我看到了黛西做为一个黑人妇女在这部作品所体现出来的独立自强以及人性的光辉。
[Abstract]:The Sound and Fury is one of Faulkner's most representative works. All along, researchers from all over the world have been studying it from different angles. Faulkner's attitude toward blacks is often an important subject of contention, and has never reached an agreed conclusion. On the basis of Bakhtin's polyphonic theory and Wayne Booth's implied author's theory, five voices were found: Bangui, Quentin and Jason. Daisy and the author's voice. By analyzing the five voices, Quentin and Jason were found. In contrast to the author's voice and Daisy's voice, Daisy's own voice shows her independence and human charm, while her servility is reflected in the voices of others. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction of Faulkner and the related research on Faulkner's black view, especially the study of black maids. The second chapter is the explanation of polyphonic theory and its characteristics. The aim of this paper is to find out the voices in the works: the sound of Bangui by the fool and the voice of Quentin by the psychosensitive. "paranoia" Jason's voice and "bystander" Daisy's voice. All these voices paved the way for the third chapter of the detailed study. Chapter III is the most important chapter in the paper. In this chapter. Through the careful text analysis of the voices in the works, we can find evidence by pulling out the cocoons, and then we can draw the conclusion that the members of Faulkner and the Campleson family are hard to get rid of the white identity. There's also racial discrimination against Daisy. In this part, Wayne Booth's implicit author's theory is used to find the implied author's voice. The image of Daisy in the implied voice of Jason and the author is a submissive slave image that obeys orders. She is full of loyalty and servitude to the Campleson family. This image is quite different from Daisy's own independent voice in Chapter 4th. The comparison of these voices can be found. Faulkner did not give his black character any more humanity. In fact, in his heart, he could not get rid of his ideology of being white, and he was looking down on the role of his black maid. Sympathy and pity were given to her, so the final conclusion of the paper was that Faulkner still couldn't get rid of racial discrimination in the Sound and the Fury. The meaning of this paper is in three aspects. First, the Sound and the Fury is a Nobel laureate, Faulkner uses many new narrative techniques and artistic means, it will philosophy. Narration and dream weave into a harmonious melody, the study of it is very worthwhile. Secondly. Faulkner's black view has always been a controversial topic. Different researchers have studied it from different angles. It is rare to combine polyphonic theory with his black view. It is also an innovation to explain an old topic in a new way. Finally, by studying this work. I saw Daisy's independence and humanity as a black woman.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.074

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