从《雪国》中的“红”、“黑”、“白”看现实与非现实的共存

发布时间：2018-02-15 22:45

本文关键词： 《雪国》色彩语现实非现实共存　出处：《上海外国语大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《雪国》是川端文学的代表作之一。川端康成通过丰富、纤细而巧妙的色彩运用，深层次的表现了生命的美、自然的美、以及对于生与死的思考。同时，作品中也体现了日本民族普遍的色彩观念和审美意识。丰富多变的色彩语传达了文学作品细致丰富的内涵。川端康成以其文学家、艺术家所特有的敏感和细致，将色彩的独特性质巧妙的渗透到其文学作品中。迄今为止，在中日两国对于川端文学的研究不甚枚举，研究方法也丰富多样，但是从“色彩”这个角度出发来研究川端文学的这类成果仍然不多。川端康成的文学作品中能够看到作者关于女性审美、自然审美等的审美意识。在表现作者此些审美意识之时，丰富的色彩语发挥着各自不同的作用。川端康成经常在作品中通过“红”、“黑”、“白”这三个强烈表现或暗示人物感情的色彩语来表现深远的意义。在川端康成的作品中能够感受到色彩表现和人物的情感、命运紧密相连。基于以上原因，以色彩语，尤其是“红”、“黑”、“白”为视点对《雪国》，甚至是川端文学整体的研究都具有一定的价值。那么，对于解读《雪国》这部作品“色彩”到底发挥着什么样的作用呢？“色彩”与主人公驹子、叶子、岛村之间有着怎样的联系？以及在表现自然的过程中“色彩”该如何理解？进一步，“色彩”与生和死之间又有着怎样的关联？另外，通过“色彩表现”《雪国》中的现实与非现实之间又是如何共存的？本论文主要在中日两国目前已有的研究基础上，以研究色彩表现为根本，带着以上几个问题点，从色彩这个较为新颖的角度考察了《雪国》中“红”、“黑”、“白”三个色彩语所体现出的现实与非现实的共存问题。本论文主要分为六部分进行叙述分析。在序言部分，主要叙述了选择从“色彩”这个角度来考察《雪国》这一作品的原因，中日两国关于《雪国》研究的现状，以及本论文意图考察的内容要点。第一章，结合图表确认了“红”、“黑”、“白”这三个色彩语在《雪国》中的使用情况。其中，以“人”为对象进行描写的“红”、“黑”、“白”共有41处，占这三种色彩语总数81处的一半以上。并且，，其中大部分色彩语用在对于驹子的描写上。结合文中例句，具体分析了“红”、“黑”、“白”各自具有的意义。各个色彩语虽然都有着各自不同的意义，但是无论是在对现实事物的表现还是非现实事物的表现上，几乎都用来表现“美”。“红色”寄托着强烈、明快、艳丽等美的感情色彩；“黑色”强调坚强、顽强的美的感情色彩，同时也渗透着寂寞、悲哀的幽玄之美；“白色”表现了纯洁、艺术、非现实的虚幻世界的美的感情色彩。第二章，以色彩为出发点，以驹子和叶子的形象为着眼点，考察了在女性审美方面现实与非现实的共存问题。“红”、“黑”、“白”的共存说明驹子本身就是一个现实与非现实的矛盾统一体。其次，通过驹子与叶子人物形象的对比分析可以认为叶子是没有肉体的女性，但是驹子虽然有肉体却仍与现实世界有着一定的距离。从驹子本身体现了现实与非现实的共存，以及驹子和叶子的共存又从另一方面体现了现实与非现实的共存问题，可以看出《雪国》这部作品展现了生命纯粹的美和悲哀。另外，通过考察还明白了驹子和叶子共通的母性、舍己为人的精神、诚实踏实的品性正是川端所憧憬的“爱”。第三章，分析了以自然为对象的“红”、“黑”、“白”三种色彩的运用，明确了雪国是与现实有着一定距离的虚幻世界这一点。现实世界与虚幻世界由一条长长的隧道分隔开。第四章，结合川端康成的人生经历，由《雪国》中的“红”、“黑”、“白”来分析生与死的关系。其中传达出的是川端对于生死的理解，川端认为“死并非终点，倒不如说是起点”，甚至可以说其中体现出的是艺术和美。这与佛教的生死轮回思想紧密相连。《雪国》中体现出来的正是这种生死观。最后总结了论文的整体内容并得出结论，提出今后的研究课题。本论文从“色彩”这个视点逐层从女性审美、自然审美、生与死这三个侧面确认了《雪国》中“红”、“黑”、“白”所表现出的现实与非现实的共存问题。但是，仅仅从“红”、“黑”、“白”这三个颜色来研究《雪国》还是远远不够的，今后的研究将更多的从色彩这个较为新颖的角度出发，考察川端文学更多的作品，为川端文学研究尽自己的微薄之力。
[Abstract]:It is one of the representative works of Sichuan - end literature . Through abundant , fine and ingenious color application , Sichuan - end Kangcheng reflects the beauty of life , the beauty of nature , and the thinking of life and death . At the same time , the works also embody the universal color concept and aesthetic consciousness of Japanese people . So far , there are many kinds of research methods in the literature of the two countries in China and Japan , but the research methods are rich and diverse , but from the perspective of " color " , the author studies the aesthetic consciousness of Sichuan - end literature . Based on the above reasons , it is worth to study the whole study of Snow Country , and even the literature as a whole , with the color words , especially " red " , " black " and " white " . What is the role of " Color " and " color " in the process of expressing nature ? What is the relationship between " color " and " color " between life and death ? In addition , how to coexist in the course of expressing nature ? This thesis mainly studies the coexistence of reality and non - reality reflected in the three color words of " Red " , " black " and " white " in the " White " color . This thesis is mainly divided into six parts . In the preface , the author mainly describes the reason of choosing this work from the perspective of " color " , the current situation of the research by the two countries of China and Japan , and the main points of the purpose of this thesis . In the first chapter , the use of the three color words " Hong " , " black " and " white " is confirmed by the combination of graphs . Among them , the " red " , " black " and " white " , which are described by the " man " as the object , account for more than half of the total number of three colors . Black " emphasizes the strong , stubborn beauty of the emotion color , and also permeates the lonely , sad and dark beauty ; " white " shows pure , art , non - reality of the beauty of the beauty of emotion color . The second chapter , taking the color as the starting point , focuses on the reality and non - realistic coexistence of the female aesthetic aspects . The coexistence of " red " , " black " and " white " reveals that the leaves are women without meat . The third chapter analyzes the application of the three colors of " red " , " black " and " white " of nature as the object , and makes clear that the snow country is a virtual world with a certain distance from reality . The real world and the world of virtual reality are separated by a long tunnel . In the fourth chapter , the relationship between life and death is analyzed by " red " , " black " and " white " in Snow Country . In the end , the whole contents of the thesis are summarized and the conclusion is drawn , and the problems of the coexistence of the reality and the non - reality of " red " , " black " and " white " have been confirmed from the perspective of " color " from the perspective of " red " , " black " and " white " .

【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I313.06

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