三岛由纪夫的存在主义倾向研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 09:14

本文选题：三岛由纪夫　切入点：存在主义　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1970年11月25日，一位日本作家在陆上自卫队基地用军刀切腹自杀，他就是三岛由纪夫。三岛由纪夫是说不尽的，他的文学观、美学观、人生观极为复杂，引来诸多争议。无论生前还是死后，他都是人们谈论的热点。他是狂热的军国主义支持者，但在征兵体检中，却谎报病情，逃避兵役；他是一个文人，但积极投身改造肉体的活动，使自己兼具武士的品质。虽然三岛由纪夫不像大江健三郎那样，作品包涵明显的存在主义痕迹，甚至直接说明自己接受过存在主义思想，毕业论文也是关于存在主义的。但是三岛由纪夫生活的那个年代，正是存在主义大行其道的年代，而且日本也是存在主义的东方重镇。三岛由纪夫很难“独善其身”，不受存在主义影响。我们认为，存在主义思想潜移默化地融化在三岛由纪夫及其作品之中。当然，在此有必要声明一点，存在主义的视角只是解读三岛的一个途径，我们不能把三岛由纪夫的存在主义泛化。三岛由纪夫的存在主义思想至今未被学界重视，主要原因在于三岛由纪夫浓厚的军国主义价值观与怪异的男性肉体审美观的迷雾遮蔽了人们的视野。本文就是以存在主义的视角，重新审视三岛由纪夫其人其文。三岛由纪夫认为人生是孤独的，世界是荒诞的，这种思想与存在主义的人生观和世界观不谋而合。在面对种种荒诞世界时，人生应该如何去面对，这就牵涉到存在主义选择的问题。存在主义者格外注重选择，他们认为选择无处不在，人的一生就是选择的一生。荒诞中的人，必须去选择一种方式去面对荒诞。而这种选择之后的结果，自然也要由自己去承担，这也就是存在主义所说的人要为自己的选择负责。另外三岛由纪夫的美学观尤其是他后期的美学观值得我们去探究。萨特认为，美与恶是相通的。三岛认为，，美等于恶。美与恶是世界的一体两面，他们共同存在并且作用于同一事物上。这种审美观恰恰与萨特的“想象”理论有异曲同工之妙。
[Abstract]:In November 25th 1970, a Japanese writer killed himself with a knife in the belly of the Land Self-Defense Force base. He was Yukio Mishima, who was inexhaustible. His views on literature, aesthetics, and life were extremely complex. He was a fanatical supporter of militarism, but in a medical examination he lied about his illness and avoided military service; he was a literati. But actively engaged in the transformation of the body, so that they have the qualities of samurai. Although Mishima Yukio does not contain obvious existentialism traces in his works, like Kenshiro Oe, he even directly shows that he has accepted existentialist ideas. The graduation thesis is also about existentialism. But the era in which Mishima Yukio lived was the age when existentialism prevailed. Moreover, Japan is also an important oriental town of existentialism. It is very difficult for Yukio Mishima to "get away from himself" and not be influenced by existentialism. We believe that existentialism is subtly melted into Miyashima and his works. Of course, It is necessary to state here that the perspective of existentialism is only a way to interpret the three islands, and we cannot generalize the existentialism of Yukio Mitajima, whose existentialism thought has not been taken seriously by the academic community. The main reason is that Miyashima's strong militaristic values and strange male body aesthetic fog obscured people's vision. This paper, from the perspective of existentialism, reexamines the works of Yukio Miyashima, who believes that life is lonely and the world is absurd. This kind of thought coincides with existentialism's outlook on life and world outlook. In the face of all kinds of absurd world, how should life face it? this involves the question of existentialist choice. Existentialists pay special attention to choice. They think that choice is everywhere, and that one's life is one of choice. The man in the absurd must choose a way to face the absurdity. And the result of this choice will naturally be borne by himself. This is what existentialism says that people are responsible for their choices. In addition, Miyashima Yukio's aesthetic outlook, especially his later aesthetic outlook, is worth exploring. Sartre believes that beauty and evil are interlinked. The three islands believe that beauty is equal to evil. Beauty and evil are two sides of the world. They exist together and act on the same thing. This aesthetic is exactly the same as Sartre's theory of imagination.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313.06

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