萨特文艺思想在中国的境遇与意义

发布时间：2018-04-17 11:50

本文选题：萨特 + 存在主义　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：让·保罗·萨特是法国存在主义哲学家、文学家、社会活动家,享有“世纪伟人”、“世纪的良心”之盛誉,他是20世纪思想发展史上一个里程碑式的人物。萨特在哲学上深受黑格尔、胡塞尔的影响,继承发展了存在主义学说；在政治上他倾向进步与革命,属于资产阶级知识分子中的左翼；在思想上,他肯定人的价值,努力探索人在荒诞世界里的出路与归宿,主张人道主义思想。同时萨特也是第二次世界大战之后,法国文学界最有影响、持续时间最长的存在主义文学流派的代表。萨特的哲学思想和文艺思想在20世纪西方文坛上占有重要的地位,以致在整个世界中的巨大影响都是无容置疑的。萨特早期的哲学思想主要源自于胡塞尔的现象学。第二次世界大战使得萨特不再仅仅满足于用现象学的方法来解释现实,不再满足于一种心理上的内在自由,而使他更加强烈地渴望一种选择的自由、介入到现实中的自由。萨特的存在主义哲学是以本体论与伦理学的自由观为核心的人学。它强调人们介入到真实的社会现实中去,通过自由选择、积极介入,以达到干预人生、干预社会的目的。而其文艺思想正是他哲学思想的直接体现。可以说,他的哲学成就了他的文学,文学也成就了哲学,文学使哲学更加生动形象,哲学使文学更加深刻理性,两者紧密相连不可分割。本文在阐明萨特文艺思想产生与发展的社会时代背景之后,对其鲜明的文艺主张进行了系统的梳理,涉及否定的精神、介入、自由以及文学艺术真实性的问题。最后重点对萨特文艺思想在中国传播的境遇及其对中国文学创作和文学理论产生的双重影响进行了探讨,并对其积极的现实意义做出了自己的思考,希望能够借鉴萨特文艺思想中有益的部分,促进我国当下文学艺术的健康发展。
[Abstract]:Jean Paul Sartre, a French existentialist philosopher, writer and social activist, enjoys the reputation of "great man of the century" and "conscience of the century". He is a landmark figure in the history of thought development in the 20th century.Deeply influenced by Hegel and Husserl in philosophy, Sartre inherited and developed existentialism; in politics, he tended to progress and revolution, belonging to the left wing of bourgeois intellectuals; in thought, he affirmed the value of man.Strive to explore people in the absurd world way out and home, advocate humanitarianism thought.Sartre is also the representative of the most influential and longest-lasting existentialist literary school in France after the second World War.Sartre's philosophical thought and literary thought played an important role in the western literary world in the 20th century, and the great influence in the whole world is beyond doubt.Sartre's early philosophical thoughts were mainly derived from Husserl's phenomenology.The second World War made Sartre not only satisfied with the phenomenological method to explain the reality, no longer satisfied with a psychological inner freedom, but made him more strongly yearn for a freedom of choice, intervene in the reality of freedom.Sartre's existential philosophy is a humanism with ontology and ethics as its core.It emphasizes that people get involved in real social reality and intervene actively through free choice in order to interfere in life and society.And his literary and artistic thought is the direct embodiment of his philosophical thought.It can be said that his philosophy has achieved his literature, literature has also achieved philosophy, literature makes philosophy more vivid image, philosophy makes literature more profound and rational, the two are closely linked.After clarifying the social background of Sartre's literary and artistic thought, this paper systematically combs his distinctive literary and artistic propositions, involving the negative spirit, intervention, freedom and the authenticity of literature and art.Finally, the author discusses the situation of Sartre's literary thought spread in China and its dual influence on Chinese literary creation and literary theory, and makes his own reflection on the positive practical significance of Sartre's literary thought.I hope to learn from the beneficial part of Sartre's literary thought and promote the healthy development of our present literature and art.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I565.06

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